四川盆地北部山区中华蜜蜂活动气象指数构建及应用

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.020

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 691-700.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.020

四川盆地北部山区中华蜜蜂活动气象指数构建及应用

张利平¹, 周泽英¹, 彭雲¹, 王明田^2,3*

¹达州市气象局, 四川达州 635001;
²四川省气象台, 成都 610072;
³南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室, 成都 610066

收稿日期:2020-07-03 接受日期:2020-12-02 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-08-15
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: Wangmt0514@163.com
作者简介:张利平, 男, 1968年生, 高级工程师。主要从事应用气象服务与研究。E-mail: 854874815@qq.com
基金资助:
高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(省重实验室2018-重点-05-07)资助

Construction and application of meteorological index for Apis cearna cearna activity in nor-thern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin, China.

ZHANG Li-ping¹, ZHOU Ze-ying¹, PENG Yun¹, WANG Ming-tian^2,3*

¹Dazhou Meteorological Bureau, Dazhou 635001, Sichuan, China;
²Sichuan Meteorological Observatory, Chengdu 610072, China;
³Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Southern Hill Area, Chengdu 610066, China

Received:2020-07-03 Accepted:2020-12-02 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-08-15
Contact: ^*E-mail: Wangmt0514@163.com
Supported by:
Foundation of Scientific and Technological Development of Meteorological Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province 2018-Key-05-07)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于四川盆地北部山区(简称四川盆北山区)2个地面气象观测站的气象资料和1个中华蜜蜂核心保护区的产量资料以及中华蜜蜂的生态特征和活动规律,分析了区内中华蜜蜂的气候生态适宜性;并以气温、水分、光照、风力和天气状况为影响指标,参考生活气象指数,构建四川盆北山区中华蜜蜂活动气象指数和年景评价分级计算方法。结果表明: 影响研究区中华蜜蜂活动的主要气象因子有气温、空气相对湿度、日照时数、风力和白天降水累计时长,其中,气温和白天降水累计时长是影响中华蜜蜂活动的主要限制性气象因子。通过这5个指标因子的不同取值组合,构建中华蜜蜂活动气象指数并进行分级评价:当指数＞12时,天气条件好,适宜中华蜜蜂活动;当指数为7～12时,天气条件一般,较适宜中华蜜蜂活动;当指数为1～7时,天气条件较差,中华蜜蜂活动明显减少;当指数≤1时,天气条件差,不适宜中华蜜蜂活动或处于越冬期。运用该指数对中山蜂场进行气候评价,多年(4—10月)平均综合气象指数为129.3(评分60.4),总体气象条件良好,“土蜂蜜”单产与年度综合气象指数显著相关,气象年景评价准确率90%。

关键词: 中华蜜蜂, 气候适宜性, 气象指数, 四川盆地北部山区

Abstract: We analyzed the climate ecological suitability of Apis cerana cerana in the northern mountain area of Sichuan Basin, based on the meteorological data of two meteorological stations, the production and the ecological characteristics and activity of A. cerana cerana. Taking temperature, moisture, light, wind and weather conditions as impact indices and referring to life meteorological index, we constructed a hierarchical calculation method for activity meteorological index and annual evaluation of A. cerana cerana in northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin. Results showed that the main meteorological factors affecting A. cerana cearna activity in the study were temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hour, wind power and daytime cumulative duration of precipitation. Among those factors, temperature and daytime cumulative duration of precipitation were the main ones. The meteorological index of A. cerana cerana activity was constructed through the combination of different values of these five index factors, with which the grading evaluation being carried out. When the index was greater than 12, the weather condition was good and suitable for A. cerana cearna activity. When the index was 7-12, the weather condition was general, which was sub-suitable for A. cerana cearna activity. When the index was 1-7, the weather condition was poor, the activity of A. cerana cearna would significantly decrease. When the index was less than or equal to 1, the weather condition was bad and would not be suitable for A. cerana cearna to be active or in the overwintering period. We used this index to evaluate the climate of Zhongshan bee farm. Results showed that the average comprehensive meteorological index was 129.3 (score 60.4) for many years (April to October), the overall meteorological condition was good. The yield of “local honey” was significantly correlated with the annual comprehensive meteorological index. The accuracy rate of annual meteorological evaluation was 90%.

Key words: Apis cearna cearna, climate suitability, meteorological index, northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin

张利平, 周泽英, 彭雲, 王明田. 四川盆地北部山区中华蜜蜂活动气象指数构建及应用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(2): 691-700.

ZHANG Li-ping, ZHOU Ze-ying, PENG Yun, WANG Ming-tian. Construction and application of meteorological index for Apis cearna cearna activity in nor-thern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(2): 691-700.

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四川盆地北部山区中华蜜蜂活动气象指数构建及应用

Construction and application of meteorological index for Apis cearna cearna activity in nor-thern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin, China.

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