不同施氮量对麦田土壤水稳性团聚体和N2O排放的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 过量施氮可破坏农田土壤结构,增加温室气体排放量。为揭示不同施氮量对土壤团聚体和N₂O排放的影响,于2018—2020年基于氮肥定位试验,设置秸秆原位还田条件下施氮 0 (N₀)、120 (N₁₂₀)、180 (N₁₈₀)、240 (N₂₄₀)、300 (N₃₀₀)、360 kg·hm^-2 (N₃₆₀) 6个处理,研究不同施氮量对麦田土壤N₂O排放、土壤充水孔隙度(WFPS)、土壤温度、硝态氮、铵态氮含量、水稳性团聚体的组成及稳定性的影响。结果表明: 土壤N₂O排放量与氮肥用量之间呈显著正相关关系,WFPS与施氮量之间无显著相关关系,0~10 cm土壤温度随氮肥施用量的增加而显著降低,土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量与氮肥施用量间存在显著正相关关系。随氮肥施用量的增加,直径>2 mm的水稳性团聚体含量降低,直径<0.5 mm的水稳性团聚体含量增加,土壤水稳性团聚体的粒径也逐渐减小。氮肥施用量与团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径之间呈显著负相关关系,但与分形维数之间并无显著相关性。MWD (x)与N₂O排放通量(y)之间的拟合方程为:y=3928.3e^-2.171x (R²=0.55,P<0.001),表明当MWD减小时,N₂O排放量将会剧烈升高。可见,麦田施氮量的增加会降低0~10 cm土壤温度,增加土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,减小耕层土壤水稳性团聚体的平均粒径,降低团聚体的稳定性,增加N₂O的排放量。

关键词: 冬小麦, 施氮, 土壤理化性质, N₂O, 水稳性团聚体

Abstract: Excessive nitrogen application would deteriorate soil structure and increase greenhouse gas emission. We set up six treatments, i.e., N₀, N₁₂₀, N₁₈₀, N₂₄₀, N₃₀₀and N₃₆₀(nitrogen application rates of 0, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 kg·hm^-2, all straws returned into the field in situ) in the nitrogen fertilizer experimental site to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on soil N₂O emission, soil water-filled porosity (WFPS), soil temperature, nitrate and ammonium contents, composition and stability of water stable aggregates in winter wheat filed in 2018-2020. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil N₂O emission and nitrogen application rate. There was no correlation between WFPS and nitrogen application rate. Soil temperature in the 0-10 cm layer decreased significantly with the increases of nitrogen application rates. There was a significant positive correlation between nitrate and ammonium contents and nitrogen application rate. With the increases of nitrogen application rates, the content of water stable aggregates with diameter >2 mm decreased, while that of water-stable aggregates with diameter <0.5 mm increased. The particle size of soil water-stable aggregates also decreased gradually. There was a significant negative correlation between nitrogen application rate with mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter, while no correlation with fractal dimension. The fitting equation between MWD and N₂O emission flux was y=3928.3e^-2.171x (R²=0.55, P<0.001), indicating that N₂O emission increased markedly as MWD decreasing. The increases in nitrogen application rate reduced soil temperature in the 0-10 cm layer, increased nitrate and ammonium contents, decreased the average particle size of soil water stable aggregates, and the stability of soil aggregates, and increased soil N₂O emission.

Key words: winter wheat, nitrogen application, soil physicochemical property, N₂O, water stable aggregate.

陈津赛,孙玮皓,王广帅,Abubakar Sunusi Amin,高阳. 不同施氮量对麦田土壤水稳性团聚体和N₂O排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(11): 3961-3968.

CHEN Jin-sai, SUN Wei-hao, WANG Guang-shuai, Abubakar Sunusi Amin, GAO Yang. Effects of different nitrogen application rates on soil water stable aggregates and N₂O emission in winter wheat field[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(11): 3961-3968.

参考文献 30

[1]	周健民. 浅谈我国土壤质量变化与耕地资源可持续利用. 中国科学院院刊, 2015, 30(4): 459-467 [Zhou J-M. Evolution of soil quality and sustainable use of soil resources in China. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015, 30(4): 459-467]
[2]	王晓君, 何亚萍, 蒋和平. “十四五”时期的我国粮食安全: 形势、问题与对策. 改革, 2020(9): 27-39 [Wang X-J, He Y-P, Jiang H-P. China’s food security during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period: Situation, problems and countermeasures. Reform, 2020(9): 27-39]
[3]	卜容燕, 李敏, 韩上, 等. 有机无机肥配施对双季稻轮作系统产量、温室气体排放和土壤养分的综合效应. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(1): 145-153 [Bu R-Y, Li M, Han S, et al. Comprehensive effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil nutrient in double-cropping rice systems. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(1): 145-153]
[4]	王玉英, 李晓欣, 董文旭, 等. 华北平原农田温室气体排放与减排综述. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(2): 167-174 [Wang Y-Y, Li X-X, Dong W-X, et al. Review on greenhouse gas emission and reduction in wheat-maize double cropping system in the North China Plain. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2018, 26(2): 167-174]
[5]	张北赢, 陈天林, 王兵. 长期施用化肥对土壤质量的影响. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(11): 182-187 [Zhang B-Y, Chen T-L, Wang B. Effects of long-term uses of chemical fertilizers on soil quality. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(11): 182-187]
[6]	Qiu WH, Liu JS, Li BY. N2O and CO2 emissions from a dryland wheat cropping system with long-term N fertilization and their relationships with soil C, N, and bacterial community. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020, 27: 8673-8683
[7]	Six J, Bossuyt H, Degryze S, et al. A history of research on the link between (micro) aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter dynamics. Soil and Tillage Research, 2004, 79: 7-31
[8]	李春越, 常顺, 钟凡心, 等. 种植模式和施肥对黄土旱塬农田土壤团聚体及其碳分布的影响. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(1): 191-200 [Li C-Y, Chang S, Zhong F-X, et al. Effects of fertilization and planting patterns on soil aggregate and carbon distribution in farmland of the Loess Plateau, Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(1): 191-200]
[9]	庞党伟. 耕作和氮肥互作对耕层土壤理化性质及冬小麦产量的影响. 硕士论文. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2016 [Pang D-W. Effects of Interaction between Tillage Patterns and Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Soil Physi-cochemical Property and Yield of Winter Wheat. Master Thesis. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2016]
[10]	李锐, 陶瑞, 王丹, 等. 减氮配施有机肥对滴灌棉田土壤生物学性状与团聚体特性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(10): 3297-3304 [Li R, Tao R, Wang D, et al. Effect of mineral N fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer substitution on soil biological properties and aggregate characteristics in drip-irrigated cotton field. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(10): 3297-3304]
[11]	徐国鑫, 王子芳, 高明, 等. 秸秆与生物炭还田对土壤团聚体及固碳特征的影响. 环境科学, 2018, 39(1): 355-362 [Xu G-X, Wang Z-F, Gao M, et al. Effects of straw and biochar return in soil on soil aggregate and carbon sequestration. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(1): 355-362]
[12]	Lan T, Li M, Han Y, et al. How are annual CH4, N2O, and NO emissions from rice-wheat system affected by nitrogen fertilizer rate and type? Applied Soil Ecology, 2020, 150: 103469
[13]	朱永官, 王晓辉, 杨小茹, 等. 农田土壤N2O产生的关键微生物过程及减排措施. 环境科学, 2014, 35(2): 792-800 [Zhu Y-G, Wang X-H, Yang X-R, et al. Key microbial processes in nitrous oxide emissions of agricultural soil and mitigation strategies. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(2): 792-800]
[14]	Zhang J, Tian H, Shi H, et al. Increased greenhouse gas emission intensity of major croplands in China: Implications for food security and climate change mitigation. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26: 6116-6133
[15]	Shcherbak I, Millar N, Robertson GP. Global metaana-lysis of the nonlinear response of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions to fertilizer nitrogen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014, 111: 9199-9204
[16]	Smith KA. A model of the extent of anaerobic zones in aggregated soils, and its potential application to estimates of denitrification. Journal of Soil Science, 2010, 31: 263-277
[17]	Chang N, Zhai Z, Li H, et al. Impacts of nitrogen management and organic matter application on nitrous oxide emissions and soil organic carbon from spring maize fields in the North China Plain. Soil and Tillage Research, 2020, 196: 104441
[18]	Liu XJ, Mosier AR, Halvorson AD, et al. Dinitrogen and N2O emissions in arable soils: Effect of tillage, N source and soil moisture. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2007, 39: 2362-2370
[19]	Shen X, Wang G, Ketema TZ, et al. Crop water production functions for winter wheat with drip fertigation in the North China Plain. Agronomy, 2020, 10: 876
[20]	Wang C, Wang C, Yang X, et al. Effect of chronic nitrogen fertilization on soil CO2 flux in a temperate forest in North China: A 5-year nitrogen addition experiment. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2018, 18: 506-516
[21]	Jha SK, Gao Y, Liu H, et al. Root development and water uptake in winter wheat under different irrigation methods and scheduling for North China. Agricultural Water Management, 2017, 182: 139-150
[22]	梁世鹏. 耕作与外源碳对草甸黑土水稳性团聚体的影响. 硕士论文. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2019 [Liang S-P. Effects of Tillage and Exogenous Carbon on Water Stable Aggregates of Meadow Black Soil. Master Thesis. Harbin: Northeast Agricultural University, 2019]
[23]	张翰林, 郑宪清, 何七勇, 等. 不同秸秆还田年限对稻麦轮作土壤团聚体和有机碳的影响. 水土保持学报, 2016, 30(4): 216-220 [Zhang H-L, Zheng X-Q, He Q-Y, et al. Effects of years of straw returning on soil aggregates and organic carbon in rice-wheat rotation systems. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 30(4): 216-220]
[24]	周从从, 陈竹君, 赵世翔, 等. 不同栽培模式及施氮量对土壤团聚体的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2013, 31(3): 100-105 [Zhou C-C, Chen Z-J, Zhao S-X, et al. Effects of different cultivating patterns and nitrogen fertilizer application on soil aggregates. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2013, 31(3): 100-105]
[25]	徐爽, 王益权, 王浩, 等. 不同肥力水平土壤团聚体的稳定性及对氮肥盐溶液的响应. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(5): 1135-1143 [Xu S, Wang Y-Q, Wang H, et al. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer solution on stability of soil aggregates under different fertility levels. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2012, 18(5): 1135-1143]
[26]	徐学池, 苏以荣, 王桂红, 等. 秸秆还田配施氮肥对喀斯特农田微生物群落及有机碳矿化的影响. 环境科学, 2019, 40(6): 2912-2919 [Xu X-C, Su Y-R, Wang G-H, et al. Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer affects the soil microbial community and organic carbon mineralization in karst farmland. Environmental Science, 2019, 40(6): 2912-2919]
[27]	欧阳扬, 李叙勇. 干湿交替频率对不同土壤CO2和N2O释放的影响. 生态学报, 2013, 33(4): 1251-1259 [Ouyang Y, Li X-Y. Impacts of drying-wetting cycles on CO2 and N2O emissions from soils in different ecosystems. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(4): 1251-1259]
[28]	周慧, 史海滨, 郭珈玮, 等. 有机无机肥配施对不同程度盐渍土N2O排放的影响. 环境科学, 2020, 41(8): 3811-3821 [Zhou H, Shi H-B, Guo J-W, et al. Effects of the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on N2O emissions from saline soil. Environmental Science, 2020, 41(8): 3811-3821]
[29]	刘克峰, 韩劲, 刘健斌, 等. 土壤肥料学. 北京: 气象出版社, 2001: 127-134 [Liu K-F, Han J, Liu J-B, et al. Soil and Fertilizer Science. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2001: 127-134]
[30]	Ball BC. Soil structure and greenhouse gas emissions: A synthesis of 20 years of experimentation. European Journal of Soil Science, 2013, 64: 357-373

不同施氮量对麦田土壤水稳性团聚体和N₂O排放的影响

Effects of different nitrogen application rates on soil water stable aggregates and N₂O emission in winter wheat field

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 30

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	蔡洪梅, 王菲菲, 王捧娜, 唐志伟, 黄伟祥, 郑宝强, 李金才, 陈翔. 冬小麦越冬期壮苗评价方法与指标研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 555-563.
[2]	孔东彦, 杨灵芳, 刁静文, 郭鹏. 不同生境下氮沉降对土壤N₂O通量影响的整合分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2171-2177.
[3]	梁晓烽, 王虹, 李玉中, 杨睿, 张冬冬, 周晚来, 戚智勇, 林伟. 沼液与园林废弃物共堆肥下的氮素转化及其微生物作用机制 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(7): 1745-1753.
[4]	吕晶花, 赵旭燕, 陆梅, 李聪, 杨志东, 刘攀, 陈志明, 冯峻. 氮沉降下纳帕海草甸植被与土壤变化对微生物生物量碳氮的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1525-1532.
[5]	杨毅轩, 陈应枝, 唐芃, 林文, 孙敏, 高志强. 播种方式对黄淮海麦区西部冬小麦氮素利用与产量形成的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1572-1582.
[6]	张昆凤, 王邵军, 王平, 张路路, 樊宇翔, 解玲玲, 肖博, 王郑钧, 郭志鹏. 蚂蚁筑巢对热带次生林土壤N₂O排放季节动态的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1218-1224.
[7]	张晓伟, 杨显贺, 车豪杰, 秦竞, 毕焕改, 艾希珍. 腐熟玉米秸秆对设施土壤环境及黄瓜产量和品质的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1290-1296.
[8]	钱刘兵, 梁山峰, 魏占波, 张彬. 微生物多样性损失对农田土壤CO₂和N₂O排放功能稳定性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1313-1319.
[9]	张鹏飞, 刘朋召, 王成龙, 邓明珠, 林延荣, 任小龙, 陈小莉. 大气NH₃浓度升高对不同施氮水平下小麦叶片光合特征和籽粒产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 1009-1014.
[10]	韩星, 于海洋, 郑宁国, 葛超荣, 姚槐应. 茶园氧化亚氮排放研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(3): 805-814.
[11]	李佳琛, 侯磊, 王艳霞, 梁启斌. 氮输入对罗时江湿地沉积物N₂O生成过程及酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 405-414.
[12]	谢永凯, 宋晋瑶, 刘敏, 孟万忠, 冯美臣, 王超, 杨武德, 乔星星, 杨晨波. 水分胁迫下冬小麦脯氨酸含量高光谱监测 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 463-470.
[13]	陈悦, 赵庚星, 常春艳, 王卓然, 李因帅, 赵环三, 张术伟, 潘敬瑞. 基于Sentinel-2多光谱影像的小麦-玉米轮作耕地粮食产量估测——以曹县为例 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(12): 3347-3356.
[14]	项剑, 孙禧, 王成, 扎西央宗, 史文竹, 王艮梅, 张焕朝. 生物炭对滨海盐碱土氮素转化和N₂O排放的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 2969-2977.
[15]	李传梁, 于振文, 张娟, 张永丽, 石玉. 测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦开花后¹³C同化物积累量和水氮利用效率的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 92-98.