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应用生态学报 ›› 1996, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 315-320.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

环境中石油烷烃迁移的数量特征

李书鼎1, 张少兰2, 马吉春2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳110015;
    2. 沈阳市环境监测中心站, 沈阳110015
  • 收稿日期:1995-02-22 修回日期:2011-06-18 出版日期:1996-07-25 发布日期:1996-07-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目

Quantitative characteristics of translocation of petro-alkane in environment

Li Shuding1, Zhang Shaolan2, Ma Jichun2   

  1. 1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang 110015;
    2. Shenyang Monitoring Centre of Environment, Shenyang 110015
  • Received:1995-02-22 Revised:2011-06-18 Online:1996-07-25 Published:1996-07-25

摘要: 使用14C-正十六烷示踪技术,研究了石油烃在土壤水稻系统的传输、累积和分布.结果表明,当土壤中沉积的油量达到180mg·kg-1时,水稻枯萎.插秧前均匀拌入土壤的油量达到300mg·kg-1时,水稻生长发育正常.草甸棕壤稻田土,正十六烷的分配系数Kd为216.其在土壤水稻系统的分布顺序为水稻>水>土壤.按残留量大小排序为水>土壤>水稻.一茬水稻生长期,矿物油损失量是总量的39%.石油污染区,其年径流携带量占土壤可淋溶总量的58%.

关键词: 土壤水稻系统, 石油烷烃, 迁移, 径向变化, 液流速率, 日蒸腾量, 尾巨桉

Abstract: The translocation,accumulation and distribution of petro-alkane in soil-rice system are studied with 14C-hexadecane tracer technique.The results show that when the deposition amount of mineral oil in soil arrives at 180 mg·kg-1,rice plant will be withered. But,it can grow normally if the soil is mixed with 300 mg·kg-1 of mineral oil before its transplanting.In meadow brown soil planted with rice,the distribution coefficient(Kd)of hexadecane is 216, and its distribution in soil-rice system is rice>water>soil.The residual amount of hexadecane is decreased with the order of water> soil>rice.In rice growing period,the loss amount of mineral oil occupies 39% of the total.At oil-polluted area,the annual amount of mineral oil carried-out by runoff occupies 58% of its total loss.

Key words: Soil-rice system, Petro-alkane, Translocation, daily transpiration, Eucalyptus urophylla×Eucalyptus grandis, sap flow velocity, radial variation