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应用生态学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 665-669.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂尔多斯高原荒漠化草原与草原化荒漠灌木类群生物多样性的研究

李新荣1, 张新时2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院林业部兰州沙漠研究所, 兰州730000;
    2. 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京100093
  • 收稿日期:1997-10-10 修回日期:1997-12-02 出版日期:1999-11-25 发布日期:1999-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 李新荣,男,33岁,研究员,博士.从事荒漠化地区植物生态学研究工作,在国内外核心期刊发表论文20余篇.E-mail:L xinrong@ns.Lzb.ac.cn E-mail:L xinrong@ns.Lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重大项目(39990490);中国科学院沙坡头开放实验站基金(9703)资助项目.

Biodiversity of shrub community in desert steppe and steppe desert on Erdos plateau

Li Xinrong1, Zhang Xinshi2   

  1. 1. Institute of Desert Research, Academia Sinica, Lanzhou 730000;
    2. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100093
  • Received:1997-10-10 Revised:1997-12-02 Online:1999-11-25 Published:1999-11-25

摘要: 研究了灌木群落生物多样性随环境梯度变化的分布特点并分析了各环境因子对群落生物多样性的影响。结果表明,灌木类群多样性取决于群落的空间配置,特别是群落的草本层组成。从荒漠化草原到草原化荒漠灌木类群的多样性逐渐减小;水分梯度变化是诸生态因子(地理坐标、年均温度、最冷、最热月均温、年均蒸发量、日照百分率、年均风速和年均沙暴日数等)中对群落多样性影响最大的因子,但其显着性偏低,这主要是人类过度放牧和破坏给灌木群落的烙印远远超过了水分梯度变化的影响。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯高原, 灌木类群, 生物多样性, 水分梯度, 夏闲期, 冬小麦, 氮矿化, 硝态氮残留, 淋失

Abstract: This paper studied the distribution characteristics of shrub community diversity with environmental gradients and the influence of environmental factors on community diversity. The results show that the shrub community diversity was decided by the spatial arrangement of community,especially,the composition of herb layer.From desert steppe to steppe desert,the shrub community diversity was gradually decreased. Among the ecological factors such as geological coordinates,annual average temperature,coldest and hottest monthly temperature,annual evaporation,sun radiate percentage,wind velocities and sand storm days,water gradient was the main factor affecting biodiversity.Nevertheless,the influence of water gradient was not at a significant level,because the effect of overgrazing and human's destroying on shrub community was far greater than that of water gradient change.

Key words: Erdos plateau, Shrub community, Biodiversity, Water gradient, residual nitrate-N, summer fallow, leaching, winter wheat, nitrogen mineralization.