与氮转化有关的土壤酶活性对抑制剂施用的响应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用室内模拟培养试验,研究好气条件下施用尿素后土壤脲酶、硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶和羟胺还原酶活性对脲酶抑制剂氢醌(HQ)与硝化抑制剂包被碳化钙(ECC)和双氰胺(DCD)组合(HQ+ECC、HQ+DCD)的响应.结果表明,HQ+DCD组合与其它抑制剂处理相比能更有效地降低土壤脲酶活性,增加硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶、羟胺还原酶活性.不同处理土壤脲酶、亚硝酸还原酶和羟胺还原酶活性与土壤NH4+、NO₃^-、NH₃挥发和N₂O排放速率间存在不同形式的显著相关关系.土壤脲酶、亚硝酸还原酶和羟胺还原酶活性之间亦存在不同形式的显著正相关关系.

关键词: 抑制剂, 脲酶, 硝酸还原酶, 亚硝酸还原酶, 羟胺还原酶, 活性

Abstract: With an aerobic incubation test,this paper studied the response of soil urease,nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase,and hydroxylamine reductase to urease inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ) applied in combination with nitrification inhibitor encapsulated calcium carbide (HQ+ECC) or dicyandiamide (HQ+DCD). The results showed that HQ+DCD could inhibit urease activity and increase activities of nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase,and hydroxylamine reductase significantly in comparison with CK,HQ and HQ+ECC. Under the condition of our test,there existed a significant relationship between soil urease,nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase,and hydroxylamine reductase activities and soil NH₄⁺ and NO₃^- contents,NH₃ volatilization and N₂O emission rate,and regression ana-lysis indicated that there were significantly positive relationships between soil urease,nitrite reductase and hydroxylamine reductase activities.

中图分类号:

S435.62

陈利军, 武志杰, 姜勇, 周礼恺. 与氮转化有关的土壤酶活性对抑制剂施用的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (9): 1099-1103.

CHEN Lijun, WU Zhijie, JIANG Yong, ZHOU Likai . Response of N transformation related soil enzyme activities to inhibitor applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (9): 1099-1103.

参考文献

[1] Abdelmagid HM and Tabatabai MA.1987.Nitrate reductase activity of soils.Soil Biol Biochem,19(4):421～427
[2] Ambergaer A.1989.Research on dicyandiamide as a nitrification inhibitor and future outlook.In:Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis.Basel:Marcel Dekker.1933～1956
[3] Banerjee,NK and Moiser AR.1989.Coated calcium carbide as a nitrification inhibitor in upland and flooded soils. J Indian Soc Soil Sci,37(2):306～316
[4] Bremner JM and Mulvaney RL.1978.Urease activity in soils.In: Burns RG ed.Soil Enzymes.London:Academic Press.149～197
[5] Byrnes BH and Freney JR.1995.Recent development on the use of urease inhibitors in the tropics.Fertil Res,42(1/3):251～259
[6] Chen L-J(陈利军),Shi Y(史奕),Li R-H(李荣华),et al.1995.Synergistic effect of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor on urea-N transformation and N₂O emission. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),6(4):368～372(in Chinese)
[7] Chen LJ,Zhou LK,Van Cleemput O,et al.2000.Comparison of urea-derived N₂O emission from soil and soil-plant system. Pedosphere,10(3):207～212
[8] Chen L,Boeckx P,Zhou L,et al.1998.Effect of hydroquinone,dicyandiamide and encapsulated calcium carbide on urea-N uptake by spring wheat,soil mineral N content and N₂O emission. Soil Use Manag,14:230～233
[9] Dendooven L and Anderson JM.1994. Dynamics of reduction enzymes involved in the denitrification process in pasture soil. Soil Biol Biochem,26(11): 501～506
[10] Dendooven L,Pemberton E and Anderson JM.1996.Denitrification potential and reduction enzymes dynamics in a Norway spruce plantation. Soil Biol Biochem,28(2):151～157
[11] Ellis S,Howe MT,Goulding KWT,et al.1998.Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a grassland soil with varying pH: Effect of pH on the denitrification potential and dynamics of the reduction enzymes. Soil Biol Biochem,30(3):359～367
[12] Firestone MK.1982.Biological denitrification.In:Stevenson FJ ed.Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils. Madison WI: American Society of Agronomy.289～326
[13] Freney JR,Chen DL,Mosier AR,et al.1993a.Use of nitrification inhibitors to increase fertilizer nitrogen recovery and link yield in irrigated cotton. Fertil Res,34:37～44
[14] Freney JR,Keerthisinghe DG,Chaiwanakupt P,et al.1993b. Use of urease inhibitors to reduce ammonia loss following application of urea to flooded fields. Plant Soil,155/156:371～373
[15] Fu MH and Tabatabai MA. 1989. Nitrate reductase activity in soils: Effects of trace elements. Soil Biol Biochem,21(7):943～946
[16] Griffiths RP,Homann PS and Riley R.1998. Denitrification enzyme activity of douglas fir and red alder forest soils of the pacific northwest. Soil Biol Biochem,30(8/9): 1147～1157
[17] Guan S-Y(关松荫).1987.Soil Enzymets and Its Methodology.Beijing:Agricultural Press.(in Chinese)
[18] Hazhiev VH ed.1976.Trans.Zheng H-Y(郑洪元),et al.1980.Soil Enzyme Activities.Beijng:Science Press.(in Chinese)
[19] Knowles R.1982.Denitrification. Microbiol Rev,46:43～70
[20] Rajendra P,Power JF.1995.Nitrification inhibitors for agriculture,health and the environment.Adv Agron,54:233～281
[21] Tabatabai MA.1982.Soil enzymes.In:Weaver RW eds. Methods of Soil Analisis 2.Microbiological and Biochmical Properties.Wisconsin:Soil Science Society of America,Madison.pp903～947
[22] Xu X-K(徐星凯),Zhou L-K(周礼恺),van Cleemput O.2000. Effect of urease/ nitrification inhibitors on the distribution of transformed urea-N form in soil. Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),37(3):339～345(in Chinese)
[23] Xu XK,Zhou LK,van Cleemput O,et al.2000.Fate of urea-15N in a soil-wheat system as influenced by urease inhibitor hydroquinone and nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide. Plant Soil,220:261～270
[24] Zhao XY and Zhou LK.1991.Effect of the urease inhibitor,hydroquinone on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biol Biochem,23(11):1089～1091
[25] Zhou L-K(周礼恺),Zhao X-Y(赵晓燕),Li R-H(李荣华),et al.1992.Effect of urease inhibitor hydroquinone on urea-N transformation in soil. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),3(1):36～41(in Chinese)
[26] Zhou L-K(周礼恺).1984.Soil urease activity and urea-N transformation in soil. Prog Soil Sci(土壤学进展),(1):1～9(in Chinese)
[27] Zhou L-K(周礼恺).1987.Soil Enzymology.Beijng:Science Press.(in Chinese)