长白山典型林区森林资源景观格局变化分析

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1809-1814.

长白山典型林区森林资源景观格局变化分析

于德永^1,2, 郝占庆¹, 姜萍¹, 熊在平¹, 杨辉³

1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
2. 北京师范大学资源学院资源信息科学与工程研究中心, 北京 100875;
3. 吉林省露水河林业局, 露水河 134506

收稿日期:2003-09-23 修回日期:2004-04-02 出版日期:2004-10-15
通讯作者: 郝占庆
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-SW-320-3)

Landscape pattern variation of forest resources in typical forest zone of Changbai Mountains

YU Deyong^1,2, HAO Zhanqing¹, JIANG Ping¹, XIONG Zaiping¹, YANG Hui³

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Shenyang 110016, China;
2. College of Resources Science and Technology, Geoinformatics Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
3. Lushuihe Forest Bureau in jilin Province, Lushuihe 134506, China

Received:2003-09-23 Revised:2004-04-02 Online:2004-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用研究区1985年及1999年遥感影像作为数据源,在GIS支持下并结合地面资料对森林资源景观格局及其变化进行研究.从两期地物斑块面积标准偏差来看,成熟针叶林(1985年为279.3,1999年为98.64)、成熟阔叶林(1985年为162.94,1999年为68.54)、中龄阔叶林(1985年为113.14)、中龄针叶林(1999年为160.71)斑块面积分布均匀程度均较同期其它地物类型小,这也说明这些地物组成中景观类型多样性及物种多样性.从景观相似性指数分析来看,中龄阔叶林(1985年为0.118,1999年为0.116)、中龄针叶林(1985年为0.07,1999年为0.336)、成熟阔叶林(1985年为0.312,1999年为0.228)、成熟针叶林(1985年为0.237,1999年为0.174)4类植被在15年间较同期其它地物类型稳定,是研究区景观的主要组成部分.湿地在两期的孔隙度都较大,湿地的均质化程度很小,形成了更多的斑块镶嵌体,湿地破碎化程度较高.

关键词: 森林资源, 景观指数, 遥感, 地理信息系统

Abstract: Based on GIS and RS data of 1985 and 1999 and the ground infornmation from Lushuihe Forest Bureau, this paper studied the forest landscape pattern and its changes in typical forest zone of Changbai Mountains. According to the standard variance of patch areas in 1985 and 1999, the patch area distribution of mature conifer forest, mature broad-leaved forest, middle-aged conifer forest,and middle-aged broad-leaved forest、less symmetrical, showing that these land covers had landscape diversity and species diversity, According to landscape similarity index, the mature conifer forest, mature broad-leaved forest, middle-aged conifer forest and middle-aged broad-leaved forest,which were relatively stable than other land covers, made the majority of the landscape in the study area. According to patch density, the porosity of wetland was high in 1985 and 1999, indicating that wetland had little ho-mogenization and formed more mosaics. The fragmentation extent of farming land, due to multiple cultivating types, azimuths and shapes, was high in both phases. Attributing greatly to anthropogenic factors, the fragmentation extent of wetland was high all along. In brief, the forest landscape pattern was changed greatly in the studied phases, and human activities affected heavily on it.

Key words: Forest resources, Landscape index, RS, GIS

中图分类号:

Q948.3

于德永, 郝占庆, 姜萍, 熊在平, 杨辉. 长白山典型林区森林资源景观格局变化分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (10): 1809-1814.

YU Deyong, HAO Zhanqing, JIANG Ping, XIONG Zaiping, YANG Hui. Landscape pattern variation of forest resources in typical forest zone of Changbai Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (10): 1809-1814.

参考文献

[1] Chang Y(常禹), Bu Y-C(布仁仓), Hu Y-M(胡远满), et al.2003. GIS and RS determination of abiotic range of forest landscape distribution in Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 14(5) :671～ 675(in Chinese)
[2] Forman RT. 1996. Land Mosaic: The Ecology of Landscape and Region. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3 ～ 7
[3] Franklin JF Forman RT. 1987. Creating landscape pattern by forest cutting: ecological consequences and principles. Landscape Ecol, 1 (1):5～8
[4] Fu B-J(傅伯杰),Chen L-D(陈利顶), Ma K-M(马克明), et al.2001. The Principle and Application of Landscape Ecology. Beijing:Science Press. 202～209(in Chinese)
[5] Holmes GD. 1985. National forestry policies and the wise management of forest resources. Forestry, 58 ( 1 ): 1 ～ 8
[6] Li J-Q(李俊清). 1986.Distribution patterns and dynamic trends of Korean pine in broadleaf Korean pine forest. J Northeast For Univ (东北林业大学学报), 14(1):33～38(in Chinese)
[7] Peng S-L (彭少麟). 1984. Discussion on distribution patterns and variation causes of plant species in forest coenosium. Ecol Sci (生态科学), ( 1 ): 10 ～ 15 (in Chinese)
[8] Pielou EC. 1975. Ecological Diversity. New York:John Wiley and Sons.
[9] Romme WR. 1982. Fire and landscape diversity in subalpine forest of Yellowstone National Park. Ecol Monogr, 52:199 ～ 211
[10] Sun W-X(孙伟中), Zhao S-D(赵士洞). 1997. Distribution patterns of main tree species in Tilia broadleaf Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountains. Chin J Appl Ecol ( 应用生态学报 ), 8(2): 119～ 122(in Chinese)
[11] Tang J-L(唐俊礼). 1998. The spatial pattern analysis of landscape and landscape planning in Sheshan Scenic Spot. Acta Geog Sin (地理学报), 53(5) :429～437(in Chinese)
[12] Turner MG. 1989. Landscape ecology:The effect of pattern on process. Ann Rev Ecol Syst, 20: 53 ～ 56
[13] Wang G-X(王根绪), Guo X-Y(郭晓寅), Cheng G-D(程国栋).2002. Dynamic variations of landscape pattern and the landscape ecological functions in the source area of the Yellow River. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 22(10): 1587 ～ 1599(in Chinese)
[14] Wang X-C(王晓春),Sun L(孙龙),Zhou X-F(周晓峰), et al.2003. Change of forest landscape pattern in Heilongjiang Province.Chin J Appl Environ Biol(应用与环境生物学报), 9(2): 111 ～ll6(in Chinese)
[15] Wu J-G(邬建国 ). 2000. Landscape Ecology. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2 ～ 8 (in Chinese)
[16] Wu N(吴宁). 1995. Spatial pattern and relationship of dominant species in a Picea brachytyla community on Gongga Mountain. Acta Phytoecol Sin (植物生态学报), 19(3) :270～279(in Chinese)
[17] Wu Y-G(伍业刚), Li H-B(李哈滨). 1992. Theoretical developments landscape ecology. In: Liu J-G(刘建国 ) ed. Advances in Modern Ecology. Beijing: China Science & Technology Press. 10 ～40(in Chinese)
[18] Xiao D-N( 肖笃宁),Bu R-C(布仁仓), Li X-Z(李秀珍). 1997. Ecological space theory and landscape heterogeneity. Acta Ecol Sin ( 生态学报), 17(5) :453～361(in Chinese)
[19] Xiao D-N( 肖笃宁), Zhong L-S(钟林生). 1998. Ecological principles for landscape classification and evaluation. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 9(2) :217～221(in Chinese)
[20] Xiao D-N( 肖笃宁 ). 1999. Central conception frame of landscape ecology. In: Xiao D-N( 肖笃宁 ) ed. Progress in Landscape Ecological Study. Changsha:Hunan Science and Technology Press. 8 ～ 14 (in Chinese)
[21] Xu H-C(徐化成), Fan Z-F(范兆飞),Wang S(王胜). 1994.A study in spatial patterns of trees in virgin Larix gmelinii forest.Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 14(2): 155～160(in Chinese)
[22] Yang H-X(阳含熙), et al. 1985. Distribution pattern of main tree species in broadleaf Korean pine forest at the north slope of Changbai Mountains. Res For Ecosyst (森林生态系统研究 ), 5:1 ～ 13 (in Chinese)
[23] Zhang J-T(张金屯). 1995. The Method of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press. 256～ 280 (in Chinese)