不同施肥黑土微生物量氮变化特征及相关因素

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究长期施用两种不同量有机肥(M₂、M₄)和化肥(NPK)的黑土微生物量N在作物生长季的变化特征.结果表明,施用有机肥黑土微生物量N显著高于施用化肥(NPK)和不施肥(CK),微生物量N季节波动小.微生物量N为M₄ 25.52～239.12 mg·kg^-1,M₂10.40～94.31 mg·kg^-1,NPK6.27～87.04 mg·kg^-1,CK 9.15～69.81 mg·kg^-1,同一处理最大值与最小值相差7～14倍.M₂、NPK处理微生物量N最大值出现在抽雄吐丝期,M₄处理最大值出现在拔节期,CK处理最大值出现在播种期;不同处理微生物量N的差异并未因季节变化及玉米生育时期影响而明显改变.微生物量N的动态变化与极少数黑土生物、理化特性指标动态变化显著相关;微生物量N与黑土生物、理化特性,植物氮、磷、钾有极显著的正相关关系,与土壤含水量、籽粒粗蛋白含量呈显著正相关关系.

关键词: 黑土, 长期施肥, 微生物量氮, 变化特征, 相关因素

Abstract: This paper studied the dynamics of microbial biomass N in a black soil long-term fertilized with farmyard manure(M₂ and M₄)and chemical fertilizer(NPK)during crop growth season.The results showed that the soil microbial biomass N was 25.52～239.12 mg·kg^-1 in M₄,10.40～94.31 mg·kg^-1 in M₂,6.27～87.04 mg·kg^-1 in NPK,and 9.15～69.81 mg·kg^-1 in CK.In same treatment,the highest value was 7～14 times higher than the lowest value.Treatments NPK and M₂ had the highest value of microbial biomass N at reproductive growth stage,while M₄ and CK had it at vegetative growth stage.The significant difference of soil microbial biomass N caused by different treatments was not changed with plant growth stages.The dynamics of soil microbial biomass N had a significant correlation some soil biological,physical and chemical properties.A significant positive correlation was found between soil microbial biomass N and soil biological,physical and chemical properties,plant N,P and K contents,soil moisture,and grain crude protein.

Key words: Black soil, Long-term fertilization, Microbial biomass N, Dynamic characters, Related factors

中图分类号:

S154.3

李东坡, 陈利军, 武志杰, 朱平, 任军, 梁成华, 彭畅, 高红军. 不同施肥黑土微生物量氮变化特征及相关因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (10): 1891-1896.

LI Dongpo, CHEN Lijun, WU Zhijie, ZHU Ping, REN Jun, LIANG Chenghua, PENG Chang, GAO Hongjun. Dynamics of microbial biomass N in different fertilized black soil and its related factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (10): 1891-1896.

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