大豆对臭氧、二氧化碳及其复合效应的响应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以大豆‘中黄14'为试验材料,首次模拟研究大气中O₃、CO₂浓度增加,及其逐渐和持续增加O₃、CO₂浓度复合效应对大豆的影响.结果表明,CO₂浓度增加可缓解O₃对叶片的伤害程度,受害时间推迟,受害症状无实质性变化.熏气20d测定各处理叶片生理参数发现,在本底大气环境下,叶片气孔阻力和蒸腾速率与对照差异较小,熏气时O₃、CO₂浓度增加诱导叶片气孔关闭,气孔阻力明显增加,蒸腾速率显著降低.与对照相比,O₃浓度增加,大豆干物质积累、产量和收获指数明显降低,籽粒粗脂肪含量明显减少,粗蛋白含量显著增加;CO₂浓度增加,干物质积累和产量显著提高,收获指数无明显差异,籽粒粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量均明显减少;逐渐和持续增加O₃和CO₂浓度复合效应处理下,大豆干物质积累、产量和收获指数差异不明显,籽粒粗蛋白含量不同程度地减少,粗脂肪含量显著增加.

关键词: 大豆, O₃, CO₂, 复合效应

Abstract: With cultivar “Zhonghuang 14" as test crop,this paper studied the effects of CO₂ and/or O₃ on the growth and development of soybean (Glycine max L.)in an open top chamber.The results showed that an increasing CO₂ concentration could defer the leaf's O₃ injury,and relax the injury degree.After treated with CO₂ for 20 days,the stoma resistance and transpiration rate of soybean leaves had little difference with CK.Only when fumed with high concentration CO₂ and O₃,the stoma became closed,stoma resistance increased,and transpiration rate decreased obviously.Compared with ambient atmospheric CO₂ and O₃ (CK),doubled CO₂ significantly increased the dry matter accumulation and grain yield,reduced the coarse fat and raw protein contents of grain,but the harvest index had no obvious difference;while doubled O₃ decreased the dry matter accumulation,grain yield and harvest index of soybean,reduced the coarse fat content,but increased the raw protein content of grain.The interaction of doubled CO₂ and O₃ had no obvious effects on the dry matter accumulation,grain yield and harvest index of soybean,but reduced the grain raw protein content to a certain extent and increased the coarse fat content obviously.

Key words: Soybean, O₃, CO₂, Interaction

中图分类号:

Q949

白月明, 王春乙, 温民. 大豆对臭氧、二氧化碳及其复合效应的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 545-549.

BAI Yueming, WANG Chunyi, WEN Min . Responses of soybean to O₃,CO ₂ and their combination.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(3): 545-549.

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