欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 1141-1153.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.040

• 主编观点 • 上一篇    下一篇

大尺度区域生态环境治理及国家生态安全格局构建的技术途径和战略布局

于贵瑞1,2*, 杨萌1*, 陈智1,2, 张雷明1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 中国生态系统研究网络综合研究中心, 北京 100101;
    2中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-13 接受日期:2020-12-05 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: yangmeng@igsnrr.ac.cn; gugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:于贵瑞, 男, 1959年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事生态学与自然地理学交叉研究。E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23020202)和国家自然科学基金项目(31988102)资助

Technical approach and strategic plan for large-scale ecological and environmental gover-nance and national ecological security pattern construction.

YU Gui-rui1,2*, YANG Meng1*, CHEN Zhi1,2, ZHANG Lei-ming1,2   

  1. 1Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2020-10-13 Accepted:2020-12-05 Published:2021-10-25
  • Contact: *E-mail: yangmeng@igsnrr.ac.cn; gugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA23020202) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31988102).

摘要: 陆地生态系统是地球生物圈系统的核心组分,是人类生活、生产及社会经济活动的场所。然而,人类文明发展和科学技术进步在不断地扩大对资源的利用规模和强度,也导致了严重威胁社会可持续发展的全球气候变化、生物多样性丧失、环境污染、资源枯竭、生态系统退化等环境问题。社会公众期望生态学研究能够为区域、大陆及全球尺度的生态系统的利用和保护、维持人类社会可持续发展提供科学理论及系统性的解决方案。本研究以服务中国生态文明建设、生态安全格局构建、区域生态环境治理,以及宏观生态系统科学发展为目标,回顾了中国的区域生态环境治理成效及经验;分析了我国生态文明建设对大尺度生态系统科学研究的科技需求与时代特征,提出了利用基于自然的宏生态系统途径的新思路提升区域生态环境治理及安全格局构建的设想。在此基础上,讨论了中国的大尺度区域安全格局构建及生态环境治理的新思路、战略布局、技术途径与科技支撑体系,为中国安全、健康和美丽的国土空间利用及生态文明建设进步提供理论参考。

关键词: 区域环境治理, 生态安全格局, 生态文明, 整合生态学, 大尺度宏观生态系统

Abstract: Terrestrial ecosystems are the core components of the biosphere, supporting human life, production and social and economic activities. With the development of human civilization and the progress of science and technology, the continued expanding resources utilization in terms of scale and intensity has caused environmental problems, including global climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental pollution, resource depletion and ecosystem degradation, which threaten the sustainable development of our society. The public expects ecological research providing scientific theories and systematic solutions for the utilization and protection of ecosystems at the continental and global scale, and the maintenance of sustainable development of human society as well. This study aimed to serve the ecological civilization construction in China, ecological security pattern construction, regional ecological and environmental governance, and the development of macrosystem ecology. We reviewed the effectiveness and experience of regional ecological and environmental governance in China, analyzed the scientific requirements and the characteristics of the times of China’s eco-civilization construction towards large-scale ecological research, and proposed using a new philosophy, i.e., nature-based macroecosystem approach, to improve the ecological and environmental governance and ecological security pattern construction at the regional scale. Based on the above-mentioned expounding, we discussed the strategic plan, technical approaches and technological support system of large-scale ecological security pattern construction and ecological and environmental governance in China. This review could provide theoretical references for safe, healthy and beautiful land spatial construction and the progress of eco-civilization of China.

Key words: regional ecological and environmental governance, ecological security pattern, eco-civilization, integrated ecology, large-scale macroecosystem