陕西省有机肥料施用状况分析评价

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1669-1672.

陕西省有机肥料施用状况分析评价

包雪梅¹, 张福锁¹, 马文奇², 徐文华³

1. 中国农业大学植物营养系, 北京 100094;
2. 河北农业大学资源与环境学院, 保定 071001;
3. 陕西省土壤肥料工作站, 西安 710003

收稿日期:2001-11-02 修回日期:2002-03-15
通讯作者: 张福锁
基金资助:
农业部“948”项目;国家自然科学基金重大资助项目(30390080)

Change of farmyard manure application in Shaanxi Province

BAO Xuemei¹, ZHANG Fusuo¹, MA Wenqi², XU Wenhua ³

1. Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
2. College of Resource and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Banding 071001, China;
3. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Shanxi Province, Xi'an 710003, China

Received:2001-11-02 Revised:2002-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据陕西省土壤肥料工作站14年农户肥料施用调查结果,对陕西有机肥施用的历史和现状进行了剖析.有机肥在农团总养分(N+P₂O⁵⁺K₂O)投入中的比重逐年减少,2000年只占46.9%,比1986年下降了近23个百分点.在农田钾素主要依靠有机肥供应的情况下,有机肥投入的减少造成土壤基础肥力逐年下降,有些地区出现钾素营养不足现象.在投肥总量上尽管粮食作物依然为主体,但单位面积投肥量果树、蔬菜则高于粮食作物.特别是从20世纪90年代中期开始一些地区在苹果上的投肥量明显增加,占投肥总量的50%左右.此外,分析了有机肥投入减少的原因,并提出商品有机肥将是今后提高有机肥投入的有效途径.

关键词: 有机肥料, 施肥, 陕西省

Abstract: The change of farmyard manure (FYM) application in Shaanxi Province since 1986 was analyzed.The proportion of farmyard manure application to total nutrient decreased gradually with years, and was only 46.9% in 2000, which was reduced hy 23% compared to the figure in 1986.Soil fertility was gradually reduced, and potassium shortage appeared in farmlands of some regions.The farmyard manure were consumed mainly on grain crops in terms of overall amount of manure inputs, hut application rates of manure to fruit trees and vegetahlcs were higher than that of grain crops in terms of per unit area.Consumption of manure obviously increased in apple since middle of 1990's.The reason of the FYM consumption decrease was also analyzed, and some suggestions were made.

Key words: Farmyard manure, Fertilization, Shaanxi Province

中图分类号:

S14S141

包雪梅, 张福锁, 马文奇, 徐文华. 陕西省有机肥料施用状况分析评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (10): 1669-1672.

BAO Xuemei, ZHANG Fusuo, MA Wenqi, XU Wenhua . Change of farmyard manure application in Shaanxi Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (10): 1669-1672.

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