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应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (06): 1704-1712.

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畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程氧化亚氮排放机制

吴伟祥1,2,李丽劼1,2,吕豪豪1,3**,王成1,2,邓辉1,2   

  1. 1浙江大学环境保护研究所, 杭州 310029; 2浙江省水体污染控制与环境安全技术重点实验室, 杭州 310029; 3浙江大学水环境研究院, 杭州 310029)
  • 出版日期:2012-06-18 发布日期:2012-06-18

Mechanisms of nitrous oxide emission during livestock manure aerobic composting.

WU Wei-xiang1,2, LI Li-jie1,2, LU Hao-hao1,3, WANG Cheng1,2, DENG Hui1,2   

  1. (1Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; 2Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310029, China; 3The Academy of Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China)
  • Online:2012-06-18 Published:2012-06-18

摘要: 好氧堆肥是实现畜禽粪便处理及资源化的有效途径,但畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程是全球温室气体N2O的潜在来源,与全球温室效应和大气臭氧空洞等问题密切相关.随着畜禽养殖规模的扩大和畜禽粪便堆肥产量的急剧提升,畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程N2O排放问题日趋严重,堆肥过程N2O排放机制机理研究引发学者们的关注.本文综述了畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程中N2O的产生途径、排放规律、排放影响因素及其相关微生物学机理研究动态,总结了该过程中减排N2O的措施,并对该领域的研究趋势进行了展望.

关键词: 畜禽粪便, 氧化亚氮, 好氧堆肥, 硝化, 反硝化

Abstract: Aerobic composting is an effective way to treat and recycle livestock manure. However, the aerobic composting of livestock manure is a potential source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), which closely relates to the global greenhouse effect and ozone depletion. With the expansion of livestock industry and the dramatic increasing yield of manure compost, the N2O emission during the aerobic composting has become a severe problem. The researches on the mechanisms of N2O emission during livestock manure composting have attracted increasing concerns. In this paper, the recent researches on the N2O generation approaches, emission dynamics, potential affecting factors, and microbiological mechanisms of N2O emission during livestock manure aerobic composting were reviewed, and the measures to control the N2O emission during composting process were summarized. Some perspectives for the future researches in this field were suggested.

Key words: livestock manure, nitrous oxide, aerobic composting, nitrification, denitrification.