生物炭与炭基肥对采煤塌陷复垦区土壤硝化和反硝化微生物群落的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.033

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 2949-2957.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.033

生物炭与炭基肥对采煤塌陷复垦区土壤硝化和反硝化微生物群落的影响

高科¹, 郭宗昊¹, 薛晨¹, 高文慧¹, 刘远^1*, 姜黎²

¹淮北师范大学生命科学学院, 安徽淮北 235000;
²中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2020-10-15 接受日期:2021-04-20 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2022-02-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: liuyuan0813@aliyun.com
作者简介:高科, 男, 1997年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤微生物生态学研究。E-mail: gaoke3242020@163.com
基金资助:
安徽省高校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2019ZD41)、荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室开放基金项目(G2019-02-05)和安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QC102)资助

Effects of biochar and biochar compound fertilizer on the communities of nitrifier and denitrifier in a reclaimed soil from coal-mining area

GAO Ke¹, GUO Zong-hao¹, XUE Chen¹, GAO Wen-hui¹, LIU Yuan^1*, JIANG Li²

¹College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China;
²State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2020-10-15 Accepted:2021-04-20 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2022-02-15
Contact: *E-mail: liuyuan0813@aliyun.com
Supported by:
Major Program of Natural Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province (KJ2019ZD41), the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology (G2019-02-05) and the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Pro-vince (2008085QC102).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为一种新型土壤改良剂,生物炭对土壤微生物群落的影响已有报道,但在采煤塌陷复垦区土壤氮循环微生物群落对生物炭添加的响应鲜有报道。以生物炭和炭基肥为添加材料,以淮北地区塌陷复垦土为供试土壤,通过室外盆栽试验,采用荧光定量PCR(qPCR)和末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,研究不同生物炭处理的土壤硝化和反硝化微生物的菌群变化。试验共设5个处理:对照(CK)、常规化肥(CF)、炭基肥(BF)、2%生物炭配施化肥(LB)和4%生物炭配施化肥(HB)。结果表明: 与CK处理相比,各施肥处理均显著提高了土壤氨氧化古菌(AOA)、氨氧化细菌(AOB)、反硝化细菌nirK和nirS基因丰度。与CF处理相比,生物炭和炭基肥处理显著提高了AOB和nirK基因丰度,增幅分别达到42.9%～82.1%和33.5%～62.7%。冗余分析表明,土壤有机碳、pH、NH₄⁺-N和速效钾是显著影响AOB群落结构的主要因子,而土壤有机碳、pH和NO₃^--N含量是影响nirK型反硝化细菌群落结构的关键因子。因此,施用生物炭与炭基肥能改良采煤塌陷复垦区土壤质量,提高硝化和反硝化微生物丰度,并改变AOB和nirK型反硝化细菌群落结构。

关键词: 采煤塌陷区, 生物炭, 硝化作用, 反硝化作用, 微生物群落

Abstract: As a new soil amendment strategy, the effects of biochar application on soil microbial community have been reported in literature, but little information is available on the response of nitrogen-related microbial communities to biochar application in the reclaimed soil from coal-mining area. Through an outdoor pot experiment with reclaimed soil from coal-mining area of Huaibei, the effects of biochar and biochar compound fertilizer on nitrifier and denitrifier communities were investigated by real time PCR (qPCR) and terminal-restricted fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). There were five treatments: control (CK), NPK fertilizer (CF), biochar compound fertili-zer (BF), 2% biochar and NPK fertilizer (LB), 4% biochar and NPK fertilizer (HB). Results showed that compared with the CK, the treatments CF, BF, LB and HB significantly increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nirK and nirS genes of denitrifier. Compared with the CF treatment, BF, LB and HB significantly increased the abundance of AOB and nirK genes by 42.9%-82.1% and 33.5%-62.7%, respectively. Results of redundancy analysis showed that soil organic carbon, pH, NH₄⁺-N and available potassium significantly affected AOB community structure, while soil organic carbon concentration, pH and NO₃^--N concentration significantly altered nirK-denitrifier community structure. Therefore, the application of biochar and biochar compound fertilizer could improve soil quality of the reclaimed soil from coal-mining area, and increase the abundances of nitrifier and denitrifier and alter community structure of AOB and nirK-denitrifier.

Key words: coal-mining area, biochar, nitrification, denitrification, microbial community

高科, 郭宗昊, 薛晨, 高文慧, 刘远, 姜黎. 生物炭与炭基肥对采煤塌陷复垦区土壤硝化和反硝化微生物群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(8): 2949-2957.

GAO Ke, GUO Zong-hao, XUE Chen, GAO Wen-hui, LIU Yuan, JIANG Li. Effects of biochar and biochar compound fertilizer on the communities of nitrifier and denitrifier in a reclaimed soil from coal-mining area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(8): 2949-2957.

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生物炭与炭基肥对采煤塌陷复垦区土壤硝化和反硝化微生物群落的影响

Effects of biochar and biochar compound fertilizer on the communities of nitrifier and denitrifier in a reclaimed soil from coal-mining area

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