镉在白骨壤模拟湿地系统中的分布、迁移及净化效应

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 550-554.

镉在白骨壤模拟湿地系统中的分布、迁移及净化效应

陈桂葵¹, 陈桂珠²

1. 华南农业大学农学院, 广州, 510642;
2. 中山大学环境科学研究所, 广州, 510275

收稿日期:2004-06-07 修回日期:2004-10-02 出版日期:2005-03-15 发布日期:2005-03-15
通讯作者: 陈桂珠
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(39470151).

Distribution,migration and purifying effect of cadmium in artificial Avicennia marina wetland system

CHEN Guikui¹, CHEN Guizhu ²

1. College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
2. Institute of Environmental Science, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Received:2004-06-07 Revised:2004-10-02 Online:2005-03-15 Published:2005-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在温室中建立红树林植物白骨壤模拟湿地系统,分别用正常(C₁)、5倍(C₅)和10倍(C₁₀)3种人工配置的不同浓度的污水每周定时定量对模拟系统污灌1年,研究重金属Cd的分布、迁移以及系统对Cd污染的净化效果.结果表明,由人工污水加入系统中的Cd主要存留在土壤子系统中(87.67%～96.74%),只有很少部分迁移到植物体和凋落物中,约占总加入量的0.43%～3.23%;白骨壤植物各器官中Cd含量在根中最高;模拟系统对污水中Cd的净化效果显著,在植物-土壤系统中,正常、5倍和10倍浓度组的净化率分别为90.43%、97.17%和97.06%,在无植物系统中,对应组分别为93.29%、93.10%和90.4%.

关键词: 白骨壤, 模拟湿地系统, 镉, 分布, 迁移, 净化效应

Abstract: An artificial mangrove Avicennia marina wetland was set up in a greenhouse,and an irrigation experiment with synthetic wastewater was performed to research the behavior of cadmium in the artificial wetland system.The synthetic wastewater C₁ had the characteristics and strength similar to normal municipal sewage,while C₅ and C₁₀ had the nutrients and heavy metals as five and ten times as those in C₁,respectively.The control was of 15‰ salinity.All the test wastewater was quantitatively irrigated weakly for a year.The results showed that the cadmium in the synthetic wastewater discharged into the system was mainly stagnated in soil subsystem (87.67%～96.74%),and only a small portion (0.43%～3.23%) migrated into plants and litters.After a year trial,the Cd content in roots was more than that in stems and leaves.The artificial Avicennia marina wetland system did have a significant effect on purifying cadmium in synthetic wastewater,and the purification rate for C₁,C₅ and C₁₀ was 90.43%,97.17% and 97.06%,respectively.

Key words: Avicennia marina, Artificial wetland system, Cadmium, Distribution, Migration, Purifying effect

中图分类号:

Q948.116

陈桂葵, 陈桂珠. 镉在白骨壤模拟湿地系统中的分布、迁移及净化效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 550-554.

CHEN Guikui, CHEN Guizhu . Distribution,migration and purifying effect of cadmium in artificial Avicennia marina wetland system[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(3): 550-554.

参考文献

[1] Breaux AS, Farber S, Day J. 1995. Using natural coastal wetlands systems for wastewater treatment:An economic benefit analysis. J Environ Man, 44:285～291
[2] Chen G-K(陈桂葵),Chen G-Z(陈桂珠),Wong Y-S(黄玉山),et al. 1999. Effect of artificial wastewater on some eco-physiological characteristics of Avicennia marina seedlings. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),10(1):95～98(in Chinese)
[3] Chen G-K(陈桂葵),Chen G-Z(陈桂珠),Wong Y-S(黄玉山),et al. 2003. Effect of synthetic wastewater on Avicennia marina growing under simulated tidal conditions.Mar Environ Sci(海洋环境科学),22(3):39～43(in Chinese)
[4] Chen G-Z(陈桂珠),Ma M-J(马曼杰),Lan C-Y(蓝崇玉).1990.Investigations on Cattail plant purification pond ecosystem.J Ecol(生态学杂志),9(4):11～15(in Chinese)
[5] Chen G-Z(陈桂珠),Miao S-Y(缪绅裕),Wong Y-S(黄玉山),et al. 1998. Distribution, migration and purification effects of heavy metals in artificial wastewater in simulated Kandelia candel wetland ecosystems. In:Lu J-J(陆健健) ed. Research and Protection of Wetland in China. Shanghai:East China Normal University Press.279～285 (in Chinese)
[6] Chen L-Z(陈灵芝),Lindley DK.1983.Nutrient cycling in hampsfell bracken grassland ecosystem,England.Acta Bot Sin(植物学报),25(1):67～74(in Chinese)
[7] Department of Pollution Control Management, National Environmental Protection Bureau. 1991. A Reference Manual for Pollution Prevention and Management of Water. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press. 95～114
[8] Dwivedii SN, Padkumar KG. 1983. Ecology of a mangrove swamp near Juhu beach, Bombay with reference to sewage pollution. In:Teas HJ ed. Biology and Ecology of Mangrove. Lancaster:Dr W.Junk Publishers. 163～179
[9] Luo L-X(罗立新),Sun T-H(孙铁珩).1998.Effect of cadmiumsurfactant combined pollution on physiological characteristics of wheatleaf.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),9(1):95～100(inChinese)
[10] Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica. 1983. Physical and Chemical Analysis of Soil. Shanghai:Shanghai Science & Technology Press. 466～535(in Chinese)
[11] National Environmental Protection Bureau. 1998. Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Analysis. 3rd edition. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press. 118～156(in Chinese)
[12] Tam NFY, Wong YS. 1995. Mangrove soils as sinks for wastewater borne pollutants. Hydrobiologia, 293:231～242
[13] Zhou H-W(周红卫),Shi G-X(施国新),Du K-H(杜开和).2003.Toxic effects of Cd2+ pollution on the biochemical and physiological characters and ultrastructure of Alternanthera philoxeroides. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(9):1581～1584(in Chinese)
[14] Ye Y(叶勇),Tam N.F.Y(谭凤仪),Lu C-Y(卢昌义),et al.2003. Effects of livestock wastewater on seedlings of two mangrove species.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(5):766～770(in Chinese)
[15] Zan Q-J(昝启杰),Wang Y-J(王勇军),Wang B-S(王伯荪).2002. Accumulation and cycle of heavy metal in Sonneratia apetala and S. caseolaris mangrove community at Futian of Shenzhen, China.Environ Sci(环境科学),23(4)81～88(in Chinese)
[16] Zheng W-J(郑文教),Lian Y-W(连玉武),Zheng F-Z(郑逢中).1996. Accumulation and dynamic of heavy metal elements in Rhizophora stylosa community at Yingluo Bay in Guangxi. Aact Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),20(1):20～27(in Chinese)
[17] ZhengW-J(郑文教),LinP(林鹏).1996.Accumulation and distribution of Cr, Ni and Mn in Avicennia marina mangrove community at Futian of Shenzhen.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),7(2):139～144(in Chinese)
[18] ZhengW-J(郑文教),LinP(林鹏).1996.Accumulation and distribution of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in Avicennia marina mangrove community at Futian of Shenzhen.Oceanol Limnol Sin(海洋与湖沼),27(4):386～393(in Chinese)
[19] Zheng W-J(郑文教),Zheng F-Z(郑逢中),Lian Y-W(连玉武).1996. Accumulation and dynamics of Cu, Pb, Zn and Mn elements in Kandelia candel (L.) druce mangrove community of Jiulong RiverEstuary of Fujian.ActaBot Sin(植物学报),38(3):227～233(in Chinese)
[20] Zheng F-Z(郑逢中),Lin P(林鹏),Zheng W-J(郑文教).1992.Study on the absorption and removal of Kandelia candel (L.) for pollutant cadmium.Acta Phytoecol Geobot Sin(植物生态学与地植物学学报),18(3):220～226(in Chinese)