Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of 13C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.014

Abstract

Abstract: This study aimed to explore nitrogen fertilizer management measures to synergistically improve wheat yields and water and nitrogen use efficiency under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture in the Huang Huai winter wheat area. Wheat variety “Yannong 1212” was used as the test material. There were three nitrogen application levels, 150 kg·hm^-2 (N₁), 210 kg·hm^-2 (N₂), and 270 kg·hm^-2 (the conventional nitrogen application rate in the Huang Huai winter wheat area, N₃), with the relative soil water content of 0-40 cm of each treatment was supplemented to 70% at the jointing and flowering stages. We investigated the effects of nitrogen rates on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves after flowering, ¹³C assimilate accumulation and transport, and water and nitrogen use efficiency after flowering of wheat. The results showed that photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves in the N₂ and N₃ was significantly higher than that in N₁ 14-35 days after flowering, and that there was no significant diffe-rence between N₂ and N₃ treatments. The ¹³C isotope tracing results showed that the translocation amount of ¹³C assimilates in vegetative organs in N₂ was 12.1% and 7.1% higher than that in N₁ and N₃, respectively. The distribution amount of ¹³C assimilates in grains at maturity was 10.1% and 5.3% higher than that of N₁ and N₃, respectively. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer affected water consumption, water consumption proportion, and total water consumption in different growth stages of wheat. Water consumption during the whole growth period showed no difference between N₂ and N₃ treatments, but both were significantly higher than that for N₁. Water consumption and water consumption proportion of N₂ were higher from the jointing to maturity stages, water use efficiency of N₂ was 7.5% and 4.8%, and grain yield was 4.7% and 10.9% higher than that of N₃ and N₁ treatments, respectively. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer was 34.6% higher in the N₂ than that of N₃. Considering wheat grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency, 210 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen application was the best rate under water-saving condition of supplementary irrigation after soil moisture measurement in the study area.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, wheat, ¹³C assimilate accumulation amount, water-nitrogen use efficiency.

LI Chuan-liang, YU Zhen-wen, ZHANG Juan, ZHANG Yong-li, SHI Yu. Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of ¹³C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(1): 92-98.

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Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of ¹³C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture

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