施用污泥等废料对稀土矿废弃地土壤中麻疯树生长和元素吸收的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市污泥等废料可以用于调理稀土矿废弃地土壤,而能源植物麻疯树有望成为稀土矿废弃地的先锋植物。本研究通过向稀土矿废弃地土壤中添加污泥(T₁)、污泥+蔗渣(T₂)、污泥+蔗渣+钝化剂(T₃),并以矿区土壤为对照(CK),研究盆栽条件下各处理对麻疯树生长和元素吸收的影响。结果表明: 与CK相比,T₁仅显著提高麻疯树株高,T₂、T₃显著提高麻疯树株高、地径和生物量,其中总生物量提高184.7%以上;3个处理均显著促进麻疯树对N、P、K、Cu的吸收;T₁、T₂显著提高基质中可交换态Zn、Cd、Ni比例,T₃则相反,并显著降低Zn、Cd、Ni在基质中的迁移系数和活性系数,抑制麻疯树对Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni的吸收,抑制率达36.1%以上。隶属函数综合评价结果表明,各处理对麻疯树生长的促进顺序为T₂>T₃>T₁>CK,对麻疯树吸收Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni的抑制顺序为T₃>CK>T₂>T₁。混施污泥和蔗渣显著促进麻疯树生长和元素吸收,进一步加入钝化剂则显著抑制麻疯树对重金属的吸收,但不影响麻疯树生长。

关键词: 生态修复, 蔗渣, 钝化剂, 重金属形态, 植物养分

Abstract: The wastes such as sewage sludge (SS) can be used to amend soil of abandoned rare-earth mine land (ARL). The energy plant Jatropha curcas could be used as a pioneer tree species in the ARL. In a pot experiment to address the responses of growth and element uptake of J. curcas, three treatments were established: adding SS to the soil of ARL (T₁), adding SS and bagasse to the soil of ARL (T₂), adding SS, bagasse and passivator to the soil of ARL (T₃), with the untreated soil of the ARL as the control (CK). The results showed that compared with CK, T₁ only significantly increased the plant height of J. curcas, T₂ and T₃ significantly increased the plant height, ground diameter and dry biomass of J. curcas, of which the total dry biomass increased by more than 184.7%. All the three treatments significantly increased the contents of N, P, K and Cu in J. curcas. T₁ and T₂ significantly increased the proportion of exchangeable Zn, Cd and Ni in the substrates, while T₃ showed the opposite effects. T₃ significantly decreased the migration factor (M) and mobility factor (MF) of Zn, Cd, Ni in the substrates, and significantly reduced the contents of Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni in J. curcas, with an inhibition rate of over 36.1%. The comprehensive evaluation of the membership function showed that the order of growth promotion effects on J. curcas was T₂>T₃>T₁>CK, while the order of capacity of inhibiting J. curcas to accumulate Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni was T₃>CK>T₂>T₁. The combined application of SS and bagasse significantly promoted the growth and element accumulation of J. curcas, and the addition of passivator significantly reduced heavy metals uptake without affecting the growth of J. curcas.

Key words: ecological restoration, bagasse, passivator, heavy metal form, plant nutrient

杨源通, 曾曙才, 冯嘉仪, 彭维新, 吴道铭. 施用污泥等废料对稀土矿废弃地土壤中麻疯树生长和元素吸收的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(2): 609-617.

YANG Yuan-tong, ZENG Shu-cai, FENG Jia-yi, PENG Wei-xin, WU Dao-ming. Effects of sewage sludge and other wastes application on the growth and element uptake of Jatropha curcas in abandoned rare-earth mine soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(2): 609-617.

参考文献

[1] Venkateswarlu K, Nirola R, Kuppusamy S, et al. Abandoned metalliferous mines: Ecological impacts and potential approaches for reclamation. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 2016, 15: 327-354
[2] Wu DM, Feng JY, Chu SS, et al. Integrated application of sewage sludge, earthworms and Jatropha curcas on abandoned rare-earth mine land soil. Chemosphere, 2019, 214: 47-54
[3] Wang L, Ji B, Hu Y, et al. A review on in situ phytoremediation of mine tailings. Chemosphere, 2017, 184: 594-600
[4] Buta M, Blaga G, Paulette L, et al. Soil reclamation of abandoned mine lands by revegetation in northwestern part of transylvania: A 40-year retrospective study. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019, 11: 10. 3390/su11123393
[5] 史晓燕, 陈宏文. 废弃池浸堆浸离子型稀土矿污染途径及其修复研究. 中国稀土学报, 2019, 37(4): 409-417 [Shi X-Y, Chen H-W. Contamination and restoration of abandoned pool and heap leaching sites of rare earth mine. Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths, 2019, 37(4): 409-417]
[6] Yang G, Zhang G, Wang H. Current state of sludge production, management, treatment and disposal in China. Water Research, 2015, 78: 60-73
[7] Lee S, Lee J, Choi YJ, et al. In situ stabilization of cadmium-, lead-, and zinc-contaminated soil using various amendments. Chemosphere, 2009, 77: 1069-1075
[8] 郭康莉, 郑江, 冀拯宇, 等. 连续施用无害化污泥堆肥对沙质潮土活性有机氮组分的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(6): 1960-1968 [Guo K-L, Zheng J, Ji Z-Y, et al. Effects of consecutive application of composted sewage sludge on active organic nitrogen fractions in the sandy fluvo-aquic soil. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(6): 1960-1968]
[9] 王杰, 唐凤德, 依艳丽. 污泥堆肥对草坪草生长及光合特征的影响. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(9): 2576-2582 [Wang J, Tang F-D, Yi Y-L. Effects of sewage sludge compost on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of turfgrass. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(9): 2576-2582]
[10] 陈莺燕, 刘文深, 丁铿博, 等. 有机改良剂及生物炭对离子型稀土矿尾砂地生态修复的改良探究. 环境科学学报, 2018, 38(12): 4769-4778 [Chen Y-Y, Liu W-S, Ding K-B, et al. Effects of organic amendments and biochar on ecological remediation of ionic rare earth mine tailings. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2018, 38(12): 4769-4778]
[11] 潘志强, 张淑琴, 任大军, 等. 城市污泥的直接施用对矿区土壤修复的影响. 环境工程, 2019, 37(11): 189-193 [Pan Z-Q, Zhang S-Q, Ren D-J, et al. Effects of direct application of sewage sludge on soil remediation in abandoned mining area. Environmental Engineering, 2019, 37(11): 189-193]
[12] Abdelhafez AA, Li J, Abbas MHH. Feasibility of biochar manufactured from organic wastes on the stabilization of heavy metals in a metal smelter contaminated soil. Chemosphere, 2014, 117: 66-71
[13] 伍婵翠, 梁英, 唐新智, 等. 多氨基改性蔗渣对水溶液中Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺吸附性能的研究. 材料导报, 2012, 26(6): 86-89 [Wu C-C, Liang Y, Tang X-Z, et al. Adsorption behavior of the multi-amino-modified bagasse for Pb(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) in aqueous solution. Materials Reports, 2012, 26(6): 86-89]
[14] Silva GMI, Mackowiak C, de Almeida AQ, et al. Positive and negative effects of biochar from coconut husks, orange bagasse and pine wood chips on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and nutrition. Catena, 2018, 162: 414-420
[15] Bolan N, Kunhikrishnan A, Thangarajan R, et al. Remediation of heavy metal’s contaminated soils to mobilize or to immobilize? Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014, 266: 141-166
[16] Xu Y, Liang X, Xu Y, et al. Remediation of heavy metal-polluted agricultural soils using clay minerals: A review. Pedosphere, 2017, 27: 193-204
[17] Koh MY, Ghazi TIM. A review of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011, 15: 2240-2251
[18] Pandey VC, Bajpai O, Singh N. Energy crops in sustainable phytoremediation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 54: 58-73
[19] 李清飞, 周小勇, 仇荣亮, 等. 麻疯树复垦酸性矿山废弃地及其生长影响因子研究. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(1): 172-176 [Li Q-F, Zhou X-Y, Chou R-L, et al. Phytoremediation of acid mining wasteland with Jatropha curcas L. and factors affecting growth of the plant. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(1): 172-176]
[20] Jamil S, Abhilash PC, Singh N, et al. Jatropha curcas: A potential crop for phytoremediation of coal fly ash. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172: 269-275
[21] 董坚. 一种钼尾矿酸性土壤调理剂及其生产工艺. 中国, 201210319916.4. 2012-08-31 [Dong J. An molybdenum tailings acid soil conditioner and production process thereof. China, 201210319916.4. 2012-08-31]
[22] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 城镇污水处理厂污泥处置土地改良用泥质 (GB/T 24600—2009). 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2009 [General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China, Stan-dardization Administration of China. Disposal of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant-quality of sludge used in land improvement (GB/T 24600-2009). Beijing: China Standards Press, 2009]
[23] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000 [Bao S-D. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000]
[24] Tessier A, Campbell PGC, Bisson M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals. Analytical Chemistry, 1979, 51: 844-851
[25] Lu Y, Zhu F, Chen J, et al. Chemical fractionation of heavy metals in urban soils of Guangzhou, China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007, 134: 429-439
[26] Kabala C, Singh BR. Fractionation and mobility of copper, lead, and zinc in soil profiles in the vicinity of a copper smelter. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2001, 30: 485-492
[27] Ma JF, Ueno D, Zhao FJ, et al. Subcellular localisation of Cd and Zn in the leaves of a Cd-hyperaccumulating ecotype of Thlaspi caerulescens. Planta, 2005, 220: 731-736
[28] 司莉青, 陈利民, 郑景明, 等. 城市污泥与园林废弃物堆肥混合添加对土壤改良的影响. 草业科学, 2018, 35(1): 1-9 [Si L-Q, Chen L-M, Zheng J-M, et al. Effect of mixed sewage sludge and garden waste composts on potting soil amendment. Pratacultural Science, 2018, 35(1): 1-9]
[29] 吴敏, 韦家少, 孙海东, 等. 热带农业废弃物对橡胶园土壤酸度的影响. 西北农林科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2017, 45(3): 170-175 [Wu M, Wei J-S, Sun H-D, et al. Effects of tropical agricultural wastes on soil acidity in rubber plantation. Journal of Northwest A&F University: Natural Science, 2017, 45(3): 170-175]
[30] 王婧, 莫其锋, 储双双, 等. 污泥堆肥对园林植物合果芋(Syngonium podophyllum)生长及重金属吸收累积的影响. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(6): 1752-1758 [Wang J, Mo Q-F, Chu S-S, et al. Effects of sewage sludge compost on the growth and heavy metal accumulation in landscape plant Syngonium podophyllum. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2018, 37(6): 1752-1758]
[31] 储双双, 童馨, 王文瑞, 等. 污泥堆肥对黄梁木幼苗生长和元素吸收的影响. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(5): 1550-1556 [Chu S-S, Tong X, Wang W-R, et al. Effects of sewage sludge compost on the growth and element uptake of Neolamarckia cadamba seedlings. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(5): 1550-1556]
[32] 梁金明, 李嘉琳, 陈波华, 等. 硅质钝化材料与促生菌剂组合施用对水稻累积镉效应研究. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(6): 1208-1215 [Liang J-M, Li J-L, Chen B-H, et al. Effect of integrative remediation mea-sures of soil passivation and growth-promoting microbial inoculum on Cd accumulation in rice. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 28(6): 1208-1215]
[33] Murnane JG, Brennan RB, Healy MG, et al. Use of zeolite with alum and polyaluminum chloride amendments to mitigate runoff losses of phosphorus, nitrogen, and suspended solids from agricultural wastes applied to grassed soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2015, 44: 1674-1683
[34] Chen GC, He ZL, Stoffella PJ, et al. Use of dolomite phosphate rock (DPR) fertilizers to reduce phosphorus leaching from sandy soil. Environmental Pollution, 2006, 139: 176-182
[35] Haensch R, Mendel RR. Physiological functions of mine-ral micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Mo, B, Cl). Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2009, 12: 259-266
[36] Aibibu N, Liu Y, Zeng G, et al. Cadmium accumulation in Vetiveria zizanioides and its effects on growth, physiological and biochemical characters. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101: 6297-6303
[37] Catalod DA, Garland TR, Wildung RE. Cadmium uptake kinetics in intact soybean plants. Plant Physio-logy, 1983, 73: 844-848
[38] 郭俊娒, 杨俊兴, 杨军, 等. Cd、Zn交互作用对三七景天根系形态和重金属吸收积累的影响. 环境科学, 2019, 40(1): 470-479 [Guo J-W, Yang J-X, Yang J, et al. Interaction of Cd and Zn affecting the root morphology and accumulation of heavy metals in Sedum aizoon. Environmental Science, 2019, 40(1): 470-479]
[39] 季冬雪, 华珞, 王学东, 等. Cu-Cd、Zn-Cd、Cu-Zn复合污染对水稻毒性和重金属吸收的影响. 环境污染与防治, 2018, 40(10): 1141-1146 [Ji D-X, Hua L, Wang X-D, et al. The effects of combined heavy metals(Cu-Cd, Zn-Cd, Cu-Zn) on the toxicity and uptake of metal elements in rice. Environmental Pollution and Control, 2018, 40(10): 1141-1146]
[40] 宋琳琳, 铁梅, 张朝红, 等. 施用污泥对土壤重金属形态分布和生物有效性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(10): 2701-2707 [Song L-L, Tie M, Zhang C-H, et al. Effects of applying sewage sludge on chemical form distribution and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(10): 2701-2707]
[41] 王焕校. 污染生态学. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2012 [Wang H-J. The Basis of Pollution Ecology. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2012]
[42] 杨秀敏, 任广萌, 李立新, 等. 土壤pH值对重金属形态的影响及其相关性研究. 中国矿业, 2017, 26(6): 79-83 [Yang X-M, Ren G-M, Li L-X, et al. Effect of pH value on heavy metals form of soil and their relationship. China Mining Magazine, 2017, 26(6): 79-83]
[43] Hamid Y, Tang L, Sohail MI, et al. An explanation of soil amendments to reduce cadmium phytoavailability and transfer to food chain. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 660: 80-96