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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1331-1339.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202205.025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳中和视角下秸秆处置方式对碳源汇的贡献

马铭婧1,2, 郗凤明1, 尹岩1*, 邴龙飞1, 王娇月1, 张文凤1,2, 牛乐1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
    2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-20 接受日期:2022-03-07 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-11-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: yinyan@iae.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:马铭婧, 女, 1993年生, 博士研究生。主要从事碳排放与碳汇核算研究。E-mail: mmjing09@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2021-MS-025)、辽宁省博士科研启动基金指导计划项目(20170520302)、沈阳市社会科学课题重点课题(SYSK2020-35-01)、国家自然科学基金项目(41977290)、中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员项目(Y202050)和中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2020201)资助。

Contribution of straw disposal to carbon source and sink under the framework of carbon neutrality

MA Ming-jing1,2, XI Feng-ming1, YIN Yan1*, BING Long-fei1, WANG Jiao-yue1, ZHANG Wen-feng1,2, NIU Le1,2   

  1. 1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    2University of Chinese Aca-demy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-07-20 Accepted:2022-03-07 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-11-15

摘要: 探明农作物秸秆在不同处置方式下的碳源汇时空变化特征,对优化我国秸秆资源利用政策、实现碳减排最大化、实现碳中和目标具有重要意义。本研究以国家统计年鉴数据为基础,对我国31个省农作物秸秆不同处置下的碳排放、碳减排、碳增汇及其价值量的变化趋势进行研究。结果表明: 2008—2019年间,我国秸秆焚烧年均碳排放量为874万t CO2e,2014年以来碳排放年均减少率为17.3%;能源化利用年均碳减排量为3982万t CO2e,其中,秸秆生产固体成型燃料碳减排贡献最大,约占能源化碳减排总量的98%;秸秆还田碳汇量总体呈逐年上升趋势,年均碳汇量为2.71亿t CO2e;我国秸秆处置存在碳生态盈余,净碳减排量年均增长率为9.8%,净碳减排强度及其价值量均呈增长趋势,2019年分别高达2.62 t·hm-2和76.19元·hm-2。我国秸秆年均碳排放、能源碳减排、秸秆还田碳汇以及净碳减排大致呈“东高西低”的空间分布规律,且地区差异及空间聚集性是三者的最主要外部特征。

关键词: 秸秆处置, 碳中和, 能源化, 秸秆还田, 碳减排

Abstract: Exploring the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of carbon source and carbon sink under different disposal methods of crop straw is of great significance for optimizing the utilization policy of crop straw resources in China and realizing the goal of maximizing carbon emission reduction and carbon neutralization. Based on data from National Statistical Yearbook, we examined the changing trends of both the amount and value of carbon emission, carbon emission reduction, carbon sink enhancement under different crop straw disposal methods in 31 provinces of Chinese mainland. The results showed that the mean annual carbon emissions of straw burning in China from 2008 to 2019 were 8.74 million tons of CO2e. Since 2014, the mean annual reduction rate of carbon emissions was 17.3%. The mean annual carbon emission reduction of energy utilization was 39.82 million tons of CO2e, with solid briquette fuel produced by straw contributing the most with a contribution of about 98%. The amount of carbon sequestration of straw returning to field was increasing annually, with an average annual value of 271 million tons of CO2e. There was a carbon ecological surplus in straw disposal in China. The annual growth rate of net carbon emission reduction was 9.8%. The net carbon emission reduction intensity and its value were increasing, reaching 2.62 t·hm-2 and 76.19 yuan·hm-2 in 2019, respectively. A spatial pattern of ‘high in the east and low in the west' was observed for the mean annual carbon emissions of straw, energy carbon emission reduction, carbon sink of straw returning to the field, and net carbon emission reduction in China, with main external characteristics of the regional differences and spatial aggregation.

Key words: straw disposal, carbon neutralization, energy conversion, straw returning to field, carbon emission reduction