祁连山浅山区荒漠草原蒸散发多方法估算与影响因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 2055-2063.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.006

祁连山浅山区荒漠草原蒸散发多方法估算与影响因素

王婧茹^1,2, 杨林山^1*, 卢调雪^1,2, 夏鸿华^1,2, 邹星怡^1,2, 贺王含^1,2

¹中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2025-03-26 接受日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: yanglsh08@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:王婧茹, 女, 2001年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事寒旱区生态水文研究。E-mail: wangjingru0914@163.com
基金资助:
甘肃省科技计划项目(24JRRA079)、国家自然科学基金项目(52379030)、中国科学院B类先导项目(XDB0720202)和中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2022435)

Multi-method estimation of evapotranspiration and influencing factors of desert steppe in the shallow mountainous area of Qilian Mountains, China

WANG Jingru^1,2, YANG Linshan^1*, LU Tiaoxue^1,2, XIA Honghua^1,2, ZOU Xingyi^1,2, HE Wanghan^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2025-03-26 Accepted:2025-05-19 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明晰荒漠草原蒸散发过程机理,本文运用涡度相关法、称重式蒸渗仪法以及Priestley-Taylor(P-T)、Penman-Monteith(P-M)和Shuttleworth-Wallace(S-W)模型5种方法,研究了祁连山浅山区荒漠草原蒸散发及其组分的多时间尺度特征,分析了蒸散发及其组分的影响因素。结果表明: 与称重式蒸渗仪法相比,涡度相关法测得的数据更准确。通过改进α系数可以显著提升P-T模型在干旱地区的适用性,但3种模型中S-W模型模拟精度最优,R²高达0.74。基于S-W模型模拟结果发现,土壤蒸发占蒸散发(E/ET)的55.1%,生长季期间E/ET主要受土壤含水量影响。日尺度上蒸散发和植物蒸腾主要受净辐射控制,土壤蒸发受土壤含水量调控。敏感性分析显示,蒸散发对冠层到参考高度间的空气动力学阻力敏感性最高,土壤蒸发受土壤表面阻力控制,植物蒸腾由冠层边界层阻力主导。

关键词: Priestley-Taylor模型, Shuttleworth-Wallace模型, 祁连山, 蒸散发

Abstract: To clarify the mechanism of evapotranspiration in desert steppe, we investigated the evapotranspiration and its components in the shallow mountainous area of the Qilian Mountains with five methods, including eddy covariance, lysimeter, and Priestley-Taylor (P-T), Penman-Monteith (P-M), and Shuttleworth-Wallace (S-W) models. We further analyzed the multi-timescale characteristics of evapotranspiration and its components in the Qilian Mountains, and the influencing factors. The results showed that the eddy covariance method was more accurate than the lysimeter. The applicability of the P-T model in arid regions was significantly improved by improving the α coefficient. The S-W model had the best simulation accuracy among the three models, with an R² as high as 0.74. Based on the simulation results of the S-W model, we found that soil evaporation accounted for 55.1% of the evapotranspiration (E/ET), and that the E/ET during the growing season was mainly affected by the soil water content. ET and plant transpiration on the daily scale were mainly controlled by net radiation, while soil evaporation was regulated by soil water content. ET was most sensitive to aerodynamic drag between the canopy and the reference height. Soil evaporation was controlled by soil surface drag. Plant transpiration was dominated by canopy boundary layer drag.

Key words: Priestley-Taylor model, Shuttleworth-Wallace model, Qilian Mountains, evapotranspiration

王婧茹, 杨林山, 卢调雪, 夏鸿华, 邹星怡, 贺王含. 祁连山浅山区荒漠草原蒸散发多方法估算与影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2055-2063.

WANG Jingru, YANG Linshan, LU Tiaoxue, XIA Honghua, ZOU Xingyi, HE Wanghan. Multi-method estimation of evapotranspiration and influencing factors of desert steppe in the shallow mountainous area of Qilian Mountains, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2055-2063.

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祁连山浅山区荒漠草原蒸散发多方法估算与影响因素

Multi-method estimation of evapotranspiration and influencing factors of desert steppe in the shallow mountainous area of Qilian Mountains, China

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