祁连山南坡植被物候对气候变化响应的地形效应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.022

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 2131-2138.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.022

祁连山南坡植被物候对气候变化响应的地形效应

张燚^1,2, 曹广超^1,2,3*, 赵美亮^1,2, 张倩^1,2

¹青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室, 西宁 810008;
²青海师范大学地理科学学院青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室, 西宁 810008;
³青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 西宁 810008

收稿日期:2024-12-06 接受日期:2025-05-08 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: caoguangchao@qhnu.edu.cn
作者简介:张燚, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事植被物候遥感监测研究。E-mail: zhangyis6@163.com
基金资助:
青海省自然科学基金项目(2023-ZJ-907M)

Topographic effects on vegetation phenology in response to climate change on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains, Northwest China

ZHANG Yi^1,2, CAO Guangchao^1,2,3*, ZHAO Meiliang^1,2, ZHANG Qian^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
²Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
³Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810008, China

Received:2024-12-06 Accepted:2025-05-08 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 祁连山南坡属于典型山地生态系统,研究其复杂地形与气候变化交互作用下的植被物候响应机制对揭示生态适应性规律具有重要科学价值。本研究基于2002—2020年MODIS NDVI数据,结合地形因子和气象数据,利用相关分析和结构方程模型定量解析地形因子在植被物候响应气候变化中的作用。结果表明:2002—2020年间,研究区植被返青期、枯黄期和生长季长度分别以0.33、0.19和0.51 d·a^-1的速率显著提前、推迟和延长,且空间上呈西北-东南梯度分异;该区植被物候对气温和降水的响应具有空间异质性,与地形因子存在关联,受不同环境条件及水热组合模式的共同调控;海拔对植被物候影响最显著,坡向次之。海拔和坡向通过气象因子对植被物候的影响具有累积作用,而坡度通过气象因子对植被物候的影响相互间具有抵消作用。

关键词: 地形因子, 植被物候, 气候变化, 祁连山南坡

Abstract: The southern slope of the Qilian Mountains is a typical mountain ecosystem. To understand the vegetation phenological response mechanisms under the interaction between complex terrain and climate change is of significance in revealing ecological adaptability laws. Based on MODIS NDVI data from 2002 to 2020, combined with topographic and meteorological datasets, we used correlation analysis and structural equation modeling to quantitatively assess the role of topography in mediating vegetation phenological responses to climate change. The results showed that the start of the growing season, end of the growing season, and length of the growing season in the study area advanced, delayed, and extended at rates of 0.33, 0.19, and 0.51 d·a^-1, respectively, with spatial differentiation exhibiting a distinct northwest-southeast gradient. Regional vegetation phenology displayed spatial heterogeneity in its responses to the changes in temperature and precipitation, modulated by topographic factors and jointly governed by diverse environmental conditions and hydrothermal regimes. Elevation had the most pronounced influence on vegetation phenology, followed by aspect. Elevation and aspect exerted cumulative effects on vegetation phenology through meteorological factors, while the influence of slope on vegetation phenology through meteorological factors was offset by each other.

Key words: terrain factor, vegetation phenology, climate change, southern slope of Qilian Mountains

张燚, 曹广超, 赵美亮, 张倩. 祁连山南坡植被物候对气候变化响应的地形效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2131-2138.

ZHANG Yi, CAO Guangchao, ZHAO Meiliang, ZHANG Qian. Topographic effects on vegetation phenology in response to climate change on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains, Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2131-2138.

参考文献

[1] 萨日盖, 包刚, 包玉海, 等. 内蒙古植被枯黄期变化及其与气候和植被生产力的关系. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(6): 1898-1908
[2] Cai B, Cheng HM, Kang TF. Establishing the emission inventory of biogenic volatile organic compounds and quantifying their contributions to O₃ and PM_2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Atmospheric Environment, 2024, 318: 120206
[3] 林少植, 葛全胜, 王焕炯. 欧洲典型树种展叶始期的时空变化及其对气候变化的响应. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 788-798
[4] 张焱, 王焕炯, 高成蹊, 等. 中国东北地区植被绿度与光合春季物候特征及其对水热因子的响应. 地理科学进展, 2024, 43(12): 2507-2519
[5] Wu K, Chen JH, Yang H, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in the sensitivity of vegetation growth to typical climate factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Remote Sen-sing, 2023, 15: 2355
[6] Ma PF, Zhao JX, Zhang HZ, et al. Increased precipitation leads to earlier green-up and later senescence in Tibetan alpine grassland regardless of warming. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 871: 162000
[7] Zhou ZX, Feng HL, Ma GG, et al. Seasonal and vertical patterns of water availability and variability determine plant reproductive phenology. Annals of Botany, 2024, 135: 2211-2222
[8] Li C, Zou YY, He JF, et al. Response of vegetation phenology to the interaction of temperature and precipitation changes in Qilian Mountains. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14: 1248
[9] Shen XJ, Wang YQ, Liu BH. Editorial: Vegetation phenology and response to climate change. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2022, 10: 985049
[10] 王贝贝, 周淑琴, 荆耀栋, 等. 山西省植被物候时空变化以及地形对物候的影响. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1839-1848
[11] 李建豪, 陶建斌, 程波, 等. 秦岭山区植被春季物候的海拔敏感性. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 2089-2097
[12] 胡铮铮, 肖飞, 张百平, 等. 东秦巴山地过渡带植被物候空间格局. 地理研究, 2023, 42(11): 3043-3060
[13] 包文, 段安民, 游庆龙, 等. 青藏高原气候变化及其对水资源影响的研究进展. 气候变化研究进展, 2024, 20(2): 158-169
[14] Liu WC, Zhang Q, Fu Z, et al. Analysis and estimation of geographical and topographic influencing factors for precipitation distribution over complex terrains: A case of the northeast slope of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Atmosphere, 2018, 9: 349
[15] Xu SQ, Yu ZB, Lettenmaier DP, et al. Elevation-dependent response of vegetation dynamics to climate change in a cold mountainous region. Environmental Research Letters, 2020, 15: 094005
[16] 苏远航, 张峰源, 刘滨辉. 小兴安岭森林植被物候对气候变化的响应. 北京林业大学学报, 2023, 45(3): 34-47
[17] 吉珍霞, 裴婷婷, 陈英, 等. 青藏高原草地物候动态及其对驱动因子的响应. 草业科学, 2023, 40(1): 4-14
[18] 刘慧文, 刘欢, 胡鹏, 等. 基于可解释机器学习的青藏高原草地物候变化多因素影响分析. 环境科学, 2024, 45(6): 3375-3388
[19] Guan YL, Liu JG, Cui WH, et al. Elevation regulates the response of climate heterogeneity to climate change. Geophysical Research Letters, 2024, 51: e2024GL109483
[20] 张萌, 李斌, 高红梅, 等. 祁连山南坡鸟类物种多样性与垂直分布格局. 生态学报, 2024, 44(19): 8826-8843
[21] 陈真. 祁连山南坡植被物候遥感监测及影响因子分析. 硕士论文. 西宁: 青海师范大学, 2019
[22] 刘芳, 曹广超, 曹生奎, 等. 祁连山南坡水体氢氧稳定同位素特征研究. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(5): 1116-1123
[23] 李福杰, 韩风, 马斌, 等. 塔里木河下游近20年植被演化特征对生态输水的响应. 草业科学, 2022, 39(12): 2578-2588
[24] 乔灿灿, 贾铎, 程昌秀. 祁连山不同类型植被物候变化及其对气温的响应. 北京师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2022, 58(1): 168-177
[25] 贾俊鹤, 刘会玉, 林振山. 中国西北地区植被NPP多时间尺度变化及其对气候变化的响应. 生态学报, 2019, 39(14): 5058-5069
[26] Ge QS, Dai JH, Cui HJ, et al. Spatiotemporal variability in start and end of growing season in China related to climate variability. Remote Sensing, 2016, 8: 433
[27] Peng SZ, Ding YX, Liu WZ, et al. 1 km monthly temperature and precipitation dataset for China from 1901 to 2017. Earth System Science Data, 2019, 11: 1931-1946
[28] 蒋涛, 姜琳琳, 解晋敏, 等. 基于兴趣点数据和最大熵模型的苏州市鸟类多样性研究. 生态与农村环境学报, 2024, 40(11): 1473-1484
[29] 周玉科, 刘建文. 基于MODIS NDVI和多方法的青藏高原植被物候时空特征分析. 遥感技术与应用, 2018, 33(3): 486-498
[30] 李广泳, 李小雁, 赵国琴, 等. 青海湖流域草地植被动态变化趋势下的物候时空特征. 生态学报, 2014, 34(11): 3038-3047
[31] 周玉科, 张瑞欣, 孙文彬, 等. 基于日光诱导叶绿素荧光的东北地区植被物候时空特征及其对气候的响应. 遥感技术与应用, 2024, 39(1): 185-197
[32] 杨涵, 孙慧兰, 叶茂, 等. 伊犁河谷植被物候变化特征及其对气候变化的响应. 草地学报, 2024, 32(3): 859-868
[33] 花艺玮, 孟丹, 胡非凡, 等. 城市化背景下京津冀地区遥感植被物候的变化特征. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(3): 693-702
[34] 刘敏, 厉悦, 何冰, 等. 青藏高原草地植被秋季物候动态及其对极端降水的敏感性分析. 水土保持研究, 2023, 30(3): 353-363
[35] 张仁平, 郭靖, 马晓芳, 等. 基于MODIS数据的新疆草地物候提取方法及变化趋势分析. 草业学报, 2022, 31(1): 1-12
[36] 王新源, 马立鹏, 程小云, 等. 不同治沙措施对荒漠绿洲过渡带植物群落与土壤因子的影响. 生态学报, 2022, 42(14): 5869-5883
[37] 贾文雄, 赵珍, 俎佳星, 等. 祁连山不同植被类型的物候变化及其对气候的响应. 生态学报, 2016, 36(23): 7826-7840
[38] 赵浩然, 曹生奎, 曹广超, 等. 2000—2020年青海湖流域植被降水利用效率时空变化. 生态学报, 2024, 44(8): 3423-3439
[39] 中华人民共和国生态环境部. HJ 1167—2021 全国生态状况调查评估技术规范: 森林生态系统野外观测. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021
[40] 张江蕾, 陈少辉. 祁连山自然保护区植被覆盖时空变化及地形分异研究. 西部林业科学, 2023, 52(1): 106-112
[41] Liu YT, Zhou W, Gao S, et al. Phenological responses to snow seasonality in the Qilian Mountains is a function of both elevation and vegetation types. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14: 3629
[42] Wu LZ, Ma XF, Dou X, et al. Impacts of climate change on vegetation phenology and net primary productivity in arid Central Asia. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 796: 149055
[43] Tian RK, Liu L, Zheng JH, et al. Combined effects of meteorological factors, terrain, and greenhouse gases on vegetation phenology in arid areas of Central Asia from 1982 to 2021. Land, 2024, 13: 18

祁连山南坡植被物候对气候变化响应的地形效应

Topographic effects on vegetation phenology in response to climate change on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains, Northwest China

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王志鹏, 石长春, 马雅莉, 张艳, 玉苏普喀迪尔·孜米尼, 寇伟良, 温仲明, 刘洋洋. 毛乌素沙地植被水分利用效率时空变化及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(6): 1731-1739.
[2]	陈孟焱, 梁子怡, 舒琦, 闹增措, 陈岩, 曾哲飞, 拉琼, 王俊伟. 基于MaxEnt模型预测入侵植物鬼针草在中国的潜在分布及适生性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(6): 1749-1758.
[3]	田齐萱, 刘建朝, 曾凡超, 杨茗, 汤钦荣, 郑洁, 左云江, 王楠楠, 尧晓晨, 宋艳宇. 基于CMIP6模式的未来气候情景下北半球多年冻土动态 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(5): 1496-1506.
[4]	宋忠康, 刘中旭, 邓昌蓉, 段国珍, 樊光辉, 李建领. 基于青海产区气候特征的高产优质枸杞适生区预测 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(4): 1118-1126.
[5]	罗才红, 汪皖渝, 黄金夏, 王鹏, 马茂华, 陈吉龙, 赵存峰. 基于MaxEnt模型预测气候变化对黑颈鹤栖息地分布的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(4): 1251-1260.
[6]	花艺玮, 孟丹, 胡非凡, 赵月, 张聪聪, 李小娟. 城市化背景下京津冀地区遥感植被物候的变化特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(3): 693-702.
[7]	张煦庭, 张维敏, 潘宇鹰, 权文婷, 李美荣, 何慧娟, 周辉. 2001—2020年黄河流域陕西段植被生长时空格局及驱动因子 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 341-352.
[8]	李洁, 刘春芳. 气候变化下河西走廊生态系统健康时空变化及应对策略 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 537-546.
[9]	鄢忠山, 邵明勤, 王剑颖. 灰鹤在中国的越冬适宜栖息地预测及种群分布的关键影响因子 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 578-586.
[10]	冼海英, 肖波, 姚小萌, 窦韦强. 黄土高原生物结皮覆盖下表层土壤有机碳组分对模拟气候暖湿化的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 132-140.
[11]	赵瑜琦, 赵鹏云, 许泽海, 李志刚. 2002—2022年气候变化和人类活动对山西省植被恢复的贡献 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 219-226.
[12]	钟湧, 高磊, 彭新华, 张帅普, 甘磊. 中国不同生态区关键气候变量的时空分异与演变趋势 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 249-258.
[13]	丛佳仪, 李新正, 徐勇. 物种分布模型在海洋大型底栖动物分布预测中的应用 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2392-2400.
[14]	李新鸽, 朱连奇, 朱文博, 韩广轩. 模拟降雨量变化对土壤呼吸的影响: 进展与展望 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2445-2454.
[15]	张娟娟, 李星志, 王亚楠, 邓娇娇, 周莉, 周旺明, 于大炮, 王庆伟. 太阳辐射对陆地生态系统凋落物分解影响的研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2463-2472.