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应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 2920-2928.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202510.016

• 生态系统碳氮生物地球化学循环过程专栏(专栏策划: 林永新、郑棉海、倪祥银) • 上一篇    下一篇

亚热带常绿阔叶林穿透雨作用下土壤铁结合态有机碳的动态变化

孙佳祺1, 吴福忠1,2, 张耀艺1, 王宏宇1, 郑旭灵1, 方弘毅1, 张欣影1,2*   

  1. 1福建师范大学地理科学学院, 湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350117;
    2福建三明森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 福建三明 365002
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-10 修回日期:2025-08-26 发布日期:2026-05-04
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: xyzhang@fjnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙佳祺, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail: sunjiaqi20230720@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171641)、福建省科技厅公益类项目(2025R1002002)和福建省自然科学基金项目(2025J01618)

Dynamics of soil iron-bound organic carbon under throughfall in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

SUN Jiaqi1, WU Fuzhong1,2, ZHANG Yaoyi1, WANG Hongyu1, ZHENG Xuling1, FANG Hongyi1, ZHANG Xinying1,2*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China;
    2Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
  • Received:2025-02-10 Revised:2025-08-26 Published:2026-05-04

摘要: 穿透雨通过其水文调节作用(减少雨量、减缓雨强、延长降雨历时)以及对冠层有机质的淋洗,显著影响土壤铁结合态有机碳(Fe-OC)的分布特征及其形成机制。本研究以福建三明典型亚热带常绿阔叶林为研究对象,通过野外原位控制试验,设置林窗降雨为对照,系统探究了森林穿透雨对土壤3种形态氧化铁及Fe-OC含量的影响。结果表明:与林窗降雨相比,穿透雨条件下土壤游离态铁(Fed)和络合态铁(Fep)含量分别显著提高了3.6%和6.3%,其中,Fed的增加主要发生在表层土壤(0~20 cm),而Fep在表层和深层土壤(20~40 cm)中均增加;无定形态铁(Feo)含量未受穿透雨的显著影响。穿透雨显著提高了土壤Fe-OC含量(增幅24.9%)、Fe-OC对有机碳的贡献率(增幅19.7%)及碳铁摩尔比,这些效应在不同土层中表现一致,但随时间呈现一定变异。穿透雨通过冠层截留减弱了降雨对土壤有机质和氧化铁的淋溶作用,并通过输入冠层有机质共同促进了Fed和Fep的积累,从而增强了土壤Fe-OC的稳定性与固持功能。

关键词: 亚热带森林, 铁铝土, 铁结合态有机碳, 林冠截留, 林窗降雨

Abstract: Throughfall could alter the distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms of soil iron-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) by its hydrological regulating effects (reducing rainfall volume, slowing down rainfall intensity, and prolonging rainfall duration) and leaching of organic matter from the canopy. We investigated the impacts of forest throughfall on the contents of three forms of iron oxides and Fe-OC in soil through field in-situ controlled experiment in a typical subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest in Sanming, Fujian Province. Compared with the control (canopy gap rainfall), throughfall significantly increased the contents of free iron oxide (Fed) and complexed iron oxide (Fep) in soil by 3.6% and 6.3%, respectively. The increase in Fed occurred mainly in the topsoil (0-20 cm), whereas the enhancement of Fep occurred in both surface and deep (20-40 cm) soil layers. The amorphous iron oxide (Feo) content was not affected by throughfall. Throughfall significantly increased soil Fe-OC content (increased by 24.9%), the contribution ratio of Fe-OC to soil organic carbon (increased by 19.7%), and the carbon-to-iron molar ratio. These effects were consistent across soil layers but showed temporal variations. Throughfall enhanced the accumulation of Fed and Fep, and strengthened the stability and retention functions of soil Fe-OC, by mitigating leaching through canopy interception and introducing canopy-derived organic matter.

Key words: subtropical forest, ferrallitic soil, iron-bound organic carbon, canopy interception, canopy gap rainfall