鲁中南花岗岩山坡不同表土层厚度下刺槐和黑松水分利用来源

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究不同土壤发育厚度条件下典型乔木根系吸水来源构成变化,明确典型乔木对浅薄土壤生境的适应性,对人工林生态系统可持续建设与管理具有重要意义。本研究以鲁中南花岗岩山丘区不同表土层厚度条件下的刺槐林(表土层厚27和20 cm)和黑松林(表土层厚20和10 cm)为对象,测定其木质部水、土壤水、地下水和降水的氢氧稳定同位素(δ²H和δ¹⁸O)组成,利用MixSIAR模型量化不同表土层厚度下两种乔木水分利用来源构成变化。结果表明: 干旱期,两种林型下的土壤含水量为0.018～0.108 cm³·cm^-3,刺槐和黑松以利用地下水为主,利用率均超过50%,且土层较薄条件下两者对地下水的利用率均较高;湿润期和较湿润期,土壤含水量分别为0.053～0.194和0.032～0.124 cm³·cm^-3,刺槐、黑松以利用土壤水为主,利用率分别在70%、60%以上(除2021年7月黑松仍以地下水为主),且土层较薄条件下两种乔木分别对0～40、0～20 cm层土壤水的利用率更高。相同土层厚度条件下,干旱期刺槐对地下水的利用比例较黑松高,而湿润期刺槐对土壤水的利用比例较黑松高,较湿润期黑松对土壤水的利用比例高于刺槐,且湿润期初刺槐即以土壤水为主要水源,而黑松仍主要利用地下水。因此,刺槐对浅薄土层土壤水分变化更敏感,黑松对鲁中南花岗岩山丘区较薄土壤条件的适应性更强。

关键词: 水分利用来源, 氢氧稳定同位素, MixSIAR模型, 土壤厚度, 乔木

Abstract: Understanding the changes in water absorption sources of typical tree roots under different soil development thickness conditions, clarifying the adaptability of typical tree species to shallow soil habitats, are of great significance for sustainable construction and management of artificial forest ecosystems. This study focused on Robinia pseudoacacia forests (topsoil thickness 27 and 20 cm) and Pinus thunbergii forests (topsoil thickness 20 and 10 cm) in the granite hilly area of central southern Shandong Province under different soil horizon thicknesses. We measured the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions (δ²H and δ¹⁸O) of xylem water, soil water, groundwater, and precipitation, and quantified the changes in water source composition of the two species under different top soil thicknesses by the MixSIAR model. The results showed that during the drought period, the soil moisture content of the two forest types was 0.018-0.108 cm³·cm^-3. R. pseudoacacia and P. thunbergii mainly utilized groundwater, with the rates exceeding 50%. Under the condition of thinner soil horizons, both species had higher utilization rates of groundwater. During the wet and relatively wet periods, soil moisture content was 0.053-0.194 and 0.032-0.124 cm³·cm^-3, respectively. R. pseudoacacia and P. thunbergii mainly utilized soil water, with rates over 70% and 60%, respectively (except for P. thunbergii which still relied mainly on groundwater in July 2021). Under the condition of thinner soil horizons, the two tree species had higher utilization rates of soil water in the 0-40 and 0-20 cm layers, respectively. Under the same condition of soil thickness, R. pseudoacacia had a higher utilization ratio of groundwater than P. thunbergii in the drought period, while R. pseudoacacia had a higher utilization ratio of soil water than P. thunbergii during the wet period. At the beginning of the wet period, R. pseudoacacia used soil water as its main water source, while P. thunbergii mainly utilized groundwater. Therefore, R. pseudoacacia is more sensitive to changes in soil moisture in thinner soil horizons, while P. thunbergii has stronger adaptability to thinner soil conditions in the granite hilly areas of central and southern Shandong.

Key words: water use source, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, MixSIAR model, soil thickness, tree

王学娜, 张恒宇, 吴元芝, 安娟, 宋红丽, 王立志. 鲁中南花岗岩山坡不同表土层厚度下刺槐和黑松水分利用来源[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(12): 3761-3770.

WANG Xuena, ZHANG Hengyu, WU Yuanzhi, AN Juan, SONG Hongli, WANG Lizhi. Water sources for Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus thunbergii under different topsoil thicknesses on granite slopes in central southern Shandong Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(12): 3761-3770.

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