黄河流域山西段植被总初级生产力的时空格局及驱动因子

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.001

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 2271-2281.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.001

黄河流域山西段植被总初级生产力的时空格局及驱动因子

李少楠¹, 段秉昌¹, 张泽宇², 陈禹岑¹, 王犇¹, 甄志磊^1*

¹山西农业大学城乡建设学院, 山西晋中 030801;
²中晋环境科技有限公司, 太原 030032

收稿日期:2026-03-09 接受日期:2026-05-18 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2027-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: zhencheng@sxau.edu.cn
作者简介:李少楠, 女, 2001年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事城乡人居环境景观规划与生态设计研究。E-mail: 18648469469@163.com
基金资助:
山西省教育厅研究生实践创新项目(2025SJ168)和国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42507613)资助。

Spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of gross primary productivity in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin

LI Shaonan¹, DUAN Bingchang¹, ZHANG Zeyu², CHEN Yucen¹, WANG Ben¹, ZHEN Zhilei^1*

¹College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China;
²Zhongjin Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030032, China

Received:2026-03-09 Accepted:2026-05-18 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2027-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黄河流域山西段是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的关键区域,其植被总初级生产力的时空变化直接影响区域碳汇功能和生态安全。本研究基于2000—2024年MODIS总初级生产力数据,耦合XGBoost-SHAP模型与地理探测器,揭示了黄河流域山西段总初级生产力的时空演变规律,并定量识别了多驱动因子对总初级生产力的贡献及空间交互效应。结果表明:2000—2024年黄河流域山西段总初级生产力整体呈波动上升趋势,年均增速为13.21 g C·m^-2·a^-1,年均值为665.35 g C·m^-2·a^-1;空间上自西北向东南呈现“低-高-低-高”的空间分异规律,其中96.1%的区域总初级生产力呈现极显著增加趋势。XGBoost-SHAP分析表明,树木覆盖度在各年份中始终是影响总初级生产力变化的主导因子;降水和气温作为重要调节因子,对总初级生产力的影响表现出显著的时间阶段性差异。地理探测器结果显示,树木覆盖度与降水的交互作用对总初级生产力空间分异的解释力最强。残差分析表明,研究期间,自然因素对总初级生产力变化的贡献率为62.6%,人类活动贡献率为35.9%,在二者共同作用下,98.9%的区域总初级生产力表现为增加。

关键词: 黄河流域山西段, 总初级生产力, 时空演变, 驱动机制, 生态工程

Abstract: Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin is the key region for ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, where the spatiotemporal variation in gross primary productivity directly affects regional carbon sequestration capacity and ecological security. Based on MODIS data of gross primary productivity from 2000 to 2024, we combined the XGBoost-SHAP model with the GeoDetector method to examine the spatiotemporal variations of gross primary productivity in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin and to quantify the contribution of multiple driving factors to gross primary productivity and their spatial interaction effects. The results showed that gross primary productivity in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin exhibited a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 13.21 g C·m^-2·a^-1 and an annual mean value of 665.35 g C·m^-2·a^-1. Spatially, gross primary productivity displayed a “low-high-low-high” pattern from northwest to southeast. Gross primary productivity showed an extremely significant increasing trend in 96.1% of the study area. The XGBoost-SHAP analysis indicated that tree cover was consistently the dominant factor influencing gross primary productivity changes across all selected study years. Precipitation and temperature, as key regulatory factors, exhibited significant stage-specific differences in their effects on gross primary productivity. The GeoDetector results showed that the interaction between tree cover and precipitation had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial differentiation of gross primary productivity. Residual analysis indicated that the contribution rates of natural factors and human activities to gross primary productivity changes were 62.6% and 35.9%, respectively. Under the combined effects of those two factors, gross primary productivity increased in approximately 98.9% of the study area during the study period.

Key words: Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin, gross primary productivity, spatiotemporal evolution, driving mechanism, ecological engineering

李少楠, 段秉昌, 张泽宇, 陈禹岑, 王犇, 甄志磊. 黄河流域山西段植被总初级生产力的时空格局及驱动因子[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2271-2281.

LI Shaonan, DUAN Bingchang, ZHANG Zeyu, CHEN Yucen, WANG Ben, ZHEN Zhilei. Spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of gross primary productivity in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(7): 2271-2281.

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黄河流域山西段植被总初级生产力的时空格局及驱动因子

Spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of gross primary productivity in the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin

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