闽江河口湿地不同植被类型土壤有机碳与微生物残体碳的空间分布特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 滨海湿地作为蓝碳生态系统,其碳储库功能关系到全球碳循环与气候变化。植被类型通过调控土壤环境进而影响土壤有机碳(SOC)的积累与稳定。然而,不同植被类型下微生物残体碳(MNC)的空间分布特征及其对SOC的相对贡献仍缺乏系统认识。本研究以闽江河口湿地4种典型植被类型(芦苇、短叶茳芏、互花米草和秋茄)为对象,分层采集0～30 cm土壤样品,分析了SOC和MNC的分布特征。结果表明:在0～10 cm表层,芦苇和短叶茳芏的SOC、MNC、细菌残体碳(BNC)和真菌残体碳(FNC)含量均显著高于秋茄和互花米草,其中MNC含量分别达4591.54和4832.96 mg·kg^-1,差异最显著;10～20 cm土层,植被类型对SOC、MNC和FNC的影响不显著,但芦苇BNC显著高于互花米草;20～30 cm土层,植被类型对SOC、MNC、BNC和FNC均无显著影响。SOC和MNC含量随土层加深而降低,而FNC/BNC随土层深度增加而增大。4种植被类型中,FNC对SOC的贡献(>15%)均显著高于BNC对SOC的贡献(<6%)。土壤总氮(TN)和pH是影响MNC含量的主要环境因子,其中,TN与MNC呈显著正相关,pH与MNC呈显著负相关。综上,不同植被类型通过改变土壤TN和pH,进而影响SOC和MNC在不同土层的分布格局。其中芦苇和短叶茳芏湿地在表层土壤表现出更高的SOC和MNC含量,是闽江河口湿地碳储量提升的重要植被类型。

关键词: 滨海湿地, 植物入侵, 土壤有机碳, 微生物残体碳

Abstract: Coastal wetlands are blue carbon ecosystems with critical importance for global carbon cycling and climate change mitigation. Although vegetation types could regulate soil environments and thereby influence soil orga-nic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stability, the spatial distribution of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and its relative contribution to SOC under different vegetation types remain poorly understood. We collected soil samples from three depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) from four dominant vegetation types in the Minjiang River estuarine wetland (Phragmites australis, Cyperus malaccensis, Spartina alterniflora, and Kandelia candel), aiming to analyze the vertical distribution of SOC and MNC and elucidate the regulatory mechanisms. Results showed that in the surface layer (0-10 cm), P. australis and C. malaccensis exhibited higher SOC, MNC, bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), and fungal necromass carbon (FNC) contents than K. candel and S. alterniflora soils. Notably, MNC contents in P. australis and C. malaccensis soils reached 4591.54 and 4832.96 mg·kg^-1 respectively, substantially exceeding those in S. alterniflora and K. candel soils. In the 10-20 cm layer, vegetation type did not affect SOC, MNC, and FNC, although BNC in P. australis significantly exceeded that in S. alterniflora. In the 20-30 cm layer, vegetation type did not affect SOC, MNC, BNC, and FNC. Both SOC and MNC contents decreased with increasing depth, while the FNC/BNC ratio increased. Across all vegetation types, the contribution of FNC to SOC (>15%) was significantly higher than that of BNC (<6%). Soil total nitrogen (TN) and pH emerged as the dominant environmental factors regulating MNC content, with MNC being positively correlated with TN and negatively correlated with pH. In summary, different vegetation types regulated the vertical distribution of SOC and MNC by altering soil TN and pH. Among them, P. australis and C. malaccensis wetlands exhibited substantially higher SOC accumulation and MNC content in surface soils, underscoring their importance in enhancing blue carbon sequestration in the Minjiang River estuarine wetland.

Key words: coastal wetland, plant invasion, soil organic carbon, microbial necromass carbon

蓝嘉惠, 叶桂萍, 孙鲁沅, 杨平, 林永新. 闽江河口湿地不同植被类型土壤有机碳与微生物残体碳的空间分布特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2169-2177.

LAN Jiahui, YE Guiping, SUN Luyuan, YANG Ping, LIN Yongxin. Spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and microbial necromass carbon in different vegetation types of the Minjiang estuarine wetland[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(7): 2169-2177.

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