红树林湿地的渔业生物资源多样性及可持续利用

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202609.046

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 3053-3065.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202609.046

红树林湿地的渔业生物资源多样性及可持续利用

鲁晓燕¹, 林伊元¹, 龚资银¹, 苏雯晓¹, 王振宇¹, 魏龙², 冯建祥^1*

¹中山大学海洋科学学院/南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东珠海 519082;
²广东省林业科学研究院/广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/粤港澳大湾区生态系统保护修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室/广东沿海防护林生态系统定位观测研究站, 广州 510520

收稿日期:2026-06-06 接受日期:2026-08-04 出版日期:2026-09-18 发布日期:2026-10-12
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: fengjx23@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:鲁晓燕, 女, 1998年生, 博士研究生。主要从事红树林生物多样性研究。E-mail: luxiaoyan203@163.com
基金资助:
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金面上项目(2025A1515010656)、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)项目(SML2024SP024)、林业生态监测平台运行维护和重点实验室运行项目(KJPT202601)和广东省韩江口-南澳岛海洋生态系统野外科学观测研究站开放基金重点项目(HNS202401)

Fishery resource biodiversity and sustainable utilization in mangrove wetlands.

LU Xiaoyan¹, LIN Yiyuan¹, GONG Ziyin¹, SU Wenxiao¹, WANG Zhenyu¹, WEI Long², FENG Jianxiang^1*

¹School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University/Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China;
²Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture, Protection and Utilizaton/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cireater Bay Area/Guangdong Coastal Shelterbelt Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Guangzhou 510520, China

Received:2026-06-06 Accepted:2026-08-04 Online:2026-09-18 Published:2026-10-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 红树林湿地是连接陆地与海洋的重要生态过渡带,也是维持沿海渔业资源多样性、生态系统功能和滨海生态安全的重要生境。随着全球红树林保护与恢复工作的持续推进,红树林渔业资源保护、生物多样性维持及可持续利用已成为滨海生态学和渔业科学领域的重要研究方向。本文梳理了红树林渔业生物资源的组成特征与群落结构,解析了红树林生境对渔业资源的生态功能支撑机制,评述了传统调查与环境DNA(eDNA)、遥感监测等新兴技术的方法进展,探讨了生态养殖、资源管护等可持续利用模式的应用成效。近年来,红树林渔业资源研究已实现多个重要转变:研究内容由资源调查与产量评估逐渐拓展至生态功能与生态系统服务研究,研究尺度由单一物种和局地群落扩展至景观连通性和区域尺度生态过程,研究方法由传统生态调查发展为eDNA、遥感监测和智能识别等多技术融合监测体系,资源利用理念则由单纯资源开发逐步转向生态保护、生态修复与渔业生产协同发展。这些转变表明红树林渔业资源研究已进入以生态系统整体功能维持和可持续利用为核心的新阶段,但仍面临长期连续监测不足、生态过程与功能机制解析不深入以及保护与利用协同管理体系不完善等挑战。未来应加强多尺度长期监测与生态过程研究,推动资源保护、生态修复与社区生计协同发展,为红树林渔业资源保护与可持续利用提供科学依据。

关键词: 红树林湿地, 渔业生物资源, 生物多样性, 生态系统功能, 可持续利用

Abstract: Mangrove wetlands are important ecotone linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems and provide essential habitats that maintain coastal fishery resource diversity and ecosystem functioning. With increasing global concerns on mangrove conservation and restoration, the protection and sustainable utilization of mangrove fishery resources have become important research topics. We summarized the composition and community structures of fishery biological resources in mangrove wetlands, elucidated the ecological roles of mangrove habitats in sustaining fishery resources, reviewed methodological advances ranging from traditional surveys to emerging technologies such as environmental DNA (eDNA) and remote sensing, and explored the effectiveness of sustainable utilization models, including ecological aquaculture and resource management strategies. Research on mangrove fishery resources has undergone several important transitions, including a shift from resource surveys and production assessments to investigations of ecological functions and ecosystem services, from local community studies to analyses of landscape connectivity and regional ecological processes, and from conventional surveys to integrated monitoring frameworks incorporating eDNA, remote sensing, and intelligent technologies. Resource utilization strategies have shifted from simple exploitation toward the coordinated development of ecological conservation, ecosystem restoration, and fishery production. These transitions indicate that mangrove fishery resource research is moving toward a new stage centered on ecosystem integrity and sustainable utilization. However, insufficient long-term monitoring, limited understanding of ecological processes, and inadequate coordination between conservation and resource management remain major challenges. Future efforts should focus on strengthening long-term monitoring and studies associated with ecological processes, to promote the synergistic development of resource conservation, ecological restoration, and coastal livelihoods.

Key words: mangrove wetlands, fishery biological resource, biodiversity, ecosystem function, sustainable utilization

鲁晓燕, 林伊元, 龚资银, 苏雯晓, 王振宇, 魏龙, 冯建祥. 红树林湿地的渔业生物资源多样性及可持续利用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(9): 3053-3065.

LU Xiaoyan, LIN Yiyuan, GONG Ziyin, SU Wenxiao, WANG Zhenyu, WEI Long, FENG Jianxiang. Fishery resource biodiversity and sustainable utilization in mangrove wetlands.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(9): 3053-3065.

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红树林湿地的渔业生物资源多样性及可持续利用

Fishery resource biodiversity and sustainable utilization in mangrove wetlands.

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