大闸蟹围网养殖对阳澄湖湿地CO2和CH4排放的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202609.056

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 3159-3168.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202609.056

大闸蟹围网养殖对阳澄湖湿地CO₂和CH₄排放的影响

沈心妍¹, 郭冉¹, 张雨乐¹, 赵嘉雯¹, 顾茜¹, 王睿楠¹, 刘敏², 胡敏杰³, 孙东耀^1,2,4,5*

¹苏州科技大学地理科学与测绘工程学院, 江苏苏州 215009;
²华东师范大学地理科学学院, 上海 200241;
³福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007;
⁴苏州市空间信息智能技术与应用重点实验室, 江苏苏州 215009;
⁵城市智能遥感与古城数智化技术江苏省产业技术工程化中心, 江苏苏州 215009

收稿日期:2026-07-21 接受日期:2026-08-14 出版日期:2026-09-18 发布日期:2026-10-12
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: dongyaos@usts.edu.cn
作者简介:沈心妍, 女, 2005年生, 本科生。主要从事水体碳氮循环过程研究。E-mail: 3113840874@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42301088)、湖泊与流域水安全国家重点实验室开放课题(2024SKL015)、华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(KLGIS2023A04)、福建省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2026J010036)和福建省产学合作项目(2025Y4006)

Effects of enclosure aquaculture of hairy crab on CO₂ and CH₄ emission in Yangcheng Lake wetland.

SHEN Xinyan¹, GUO Ran¹, ZHANG Yule¹, ZHAO Jiawen¹, GU Xi¹, WANG Ruinan¹, LIU Min², HU Minjie³, SUN Dongyao^1,2,4,5*

¹School of Geography Science and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China;
²School of Geography Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
³School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
⁴Suzhou Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Intelligent Technology and Application, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China;
⁵Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Center for Industrial Technology of Urban Intelligent Remote Sensing and Ancient City Digital Intelligence, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China

Received:2026-07-21 Accepted:2026-08-14 Online:2026-09-18 Published:2026-10-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大闸蟹围网养殖是我国淡水湖泊重要的集约化养殖模式,但就其对水体温室气体排放的影响及驱动机制仍缺乏系统认识。本研究以阳澄湖大闸蟹养殖区、排水区及非养殖区为研究对象,于养殖期与非养殖期开展原位采样观测,结合顶空平衡-气相色谱法与分子生物学技术,系统探究围网养殖对水体CO₂和CH₄浓度、扩散通量的影响及其关键调控因子。结果表明:阳澄湖水体整体表现为大气CO₂和CH₄的净排放源,排放强度呈现显著的时空异质性。在养殖期,养殖区、非养殖区和排水区的CO₂浓度分别为152.16、81.59和71.19 μmol·L^-1,CO₂扩散通量分别为204.32、61.59和41.72 mg·m^-2·h^-1,养殖区均显著高于非养殖区和排水区。在非养殖期,3个区域CO₂浓度分别为68.86、59.51和101.92 μmol·L^-1,CO₂扩散通量分别为7.04、14.51和69.74 mg·m^-2·h^-1,排水区成为CO₂最强排放源。CH₄浓度与扩散通量在两个时期均呈现排水区>养殖区>非养殖区的格局,排水区在全年均为CH₄排放的高值区。随机森林分析与结构方程模型显示,叶绿素a、pH、溶解性有机碳、总氮是调控CO₂排放的关键因子,而CH₄排放主要受溶解性有机碳、NH₄⁺-N及甲烷氧化菌pmoA与产甲烷菌mcrA基因丰度比值的共同驱动。综上,大闸蟹围网养殖显著增强了温室气体排放,在温室气体核算中应将排水系统纳入考量。

关键词: 围网养殖, 大闸蟹, 二氧化碳, 甲烷, 阳澄湖湿地

Abstract: Enclosed aquaculture of hairy crab is an important intensive aquaculture model in freshwater lakes of China. However, there remains a lack of systematic understanding regarding its impact on greenhouse gas emissions and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of enclosed aquaculture on CO₂ and CH₄ concentration, diffusion flux and the key regulatory factors by field observation in Yangcheng Lake during the breeding and non-breeding periods, combined with headspace equilibrium gas chromatography method and molecular biological technique. The results showed that Yangcheng Lake was a net emission source of atmospheric CO₂ and CH₄, with significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in emission intensity. During the breeding period, the CO₂ emission of breeding area, non-breeding area, and drainage area were 152.16, 81.59, and 71.19 μmol·L^-1, while CO₂ diffusion fluxes were 204.32, 61.59 and 41.72 mg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. CO₂ diffusion flux in the breeding area was significantly higher than that in the non-breeding and drainage area. During the non-breeding period, CO₂ emission in the three areas were 68.86, 59.51, and 101.92 μmol·L^-1, while CO₂ diffusion fluxes were 7.04, 14.51, and 69.74 mg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively, with the drainage area being the strongest emission source. The CH₄ concentration and diffusion fluxes exhibited a pattern of drainage area > breeding area > non-breeding area in both periods, indicating that the drainage area was the area with the highest CH₄ emission throughout the year. Random forest analysis and structural equation modelling revealed that Chl-a, pH, dissolved organic carbon and total nitrogen were key factors regulating CO₂ emission, while CH₄ emission were primarily driven by dissolved organic carbon, NH₄⁺-N and the mcrA/pmoA ratio. In conclusion, hairy crab breeding activities significantly enhanced greenhouse gas emission, and thus the drainage system should be considered in the greenhouse gas assessment.

Key words: enclosure aquaculture, hairy crab, carbon dioxide, methane, Yangcheng Lake wetland

沈心妍, 郭冉, 张雨乐, 赵嘉雯, 顾茜, 王睿楠, 刘敏, 胡敏杰, 孙东耀. 大闸蟹围网养殖对阳澄湖湿地CO₂和CH₄排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(9): 3159-3168.

SHEN Xinyan, GUO Ran, ZHANG Yule, ZHAO Jiawen, GU Xi, WANG Ruinan, LIU Min, HU Minjie, SUN Dongyao. Effects of enclosure aquaculture of hairy crab on CO₂ and CH₄ emission in Yangcheng Lake wetland.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(9): 3159-3168.

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大闸蟹围网养殖对阳澄湖湿地CO₂和CH₄排放的影响

Effects of enclosure aquaculture of hairy crab on CO₂ and CH₄ emission in Yangcheng Lake wetland.

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