黑河流域中游地区景观变化研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 使用GIS技术和景观结构分析软件FRAGSTATS,分析了黑河流域中游地区近20年间景观结构的变化.结果表明,该地区的各类景观元素在近20年间发生了十分复杂的结构变化和相互转换,但整体景观仍保持荒漠化景观与绿洲景观强烈分异的鲜明格局.人类有目的性的干扰活动改变了干旱区有限的水资源的分布与分配,加剧了本地区荒漠化进程与绿洲化进程的对立斗争,而绿洲与荒漠的交错地带是斗争的最敏感部位.香农多样性指数和香农均度指数的下降,充分证明人类对本地区景观改造程度的不断加强.其结果一方面显著提高了本地区的社会和经济效益,另一方面也导致了局部地区生态环境效益的下降.对本论文的研究方法和技术也进行了讨论.

关键词: 景观变化, 黑河流域, 景观指标, 地理信息系统, FRAGSTATS

Abstract: Using GIS, a landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATS,this paper dealt with the landscape change in the middle Heihe River Basin during the past 20 years.During the past 20 years,the landscape elements had a complex change of landscape structure, an apparent transition of landscape composition, but the landscape in a whole still displayed a pattern of sharply contrast between oasis landscape, desertification landscape.Human activities significantly changed the distribution, allocation of the limited water resource in the basin, leading to an acute contradiction between desertification, oasisfication.Moreover,the transitional area between desertification, oasisfication was very sensitive to these processes. The decrease of Shannon's diversity index, evenness index manifested the intensive management, reconstruction of landscape by human beings,which improved the socioeconomic benefits of the region on one hand, but decreased the landscape heterogeneity, landscape diversity,leading to the decrease of eco environmental benefits of some areas in the basin on the other hand.The research method, technology used in this paper were also discussed.

Key words: Landscape change, Heihe River Basin, Landscape metrics, GIS, FRAGSTATS

中图分类号:

Q149

卢玲, 程国栋, 李新. 黑河流域中游地区景观变化研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2001, (1): 68-74.

LU Ling, CHENG Guodong, LI Xin . Landscape change in middle Heihe River Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2001, (1): 68-74.

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