转基因植物对农业生物多样性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 论述了近年来转基因植物对农业生态系统生物多样性影响的研究进展.主要在遗传多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性3个层次上予以评述,包括转基因植物对作物遗传多样性的影响;转基因植物的外源基因向杂草和近缘野生种转移;转基因抗虫植物对目标害虫的影响,抗除草剂转基因植物对作物和杂草的影响,抗病毒转基因植物对病毒的影响;转基因植物对非目标生物的影响,对土壤生态系统的影响等.

关键词: 转基因植物, 生物多样性, 农业生态系统

Abstract: The effect of transgenic plants on the biodiversity of agroecosystem is an important environmental issue. There are many researches in this field at home and abroad recently. This paper reviewed the advances of the researches based on three levels of biodiversity as genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. They included following aspects: the effect of insect-resistant transgenic crops on target pest; the effect of herbicide resistant transgenic crops on crops and wild weedy relatives; the effect of virus resistant transgenic crops on virus; and the effect of transgenic crops on non-target organisms. This paper also discussed the effect of transgenic crops on soil ecosystem and crop genetic diversity. Their potential risks included uncontrolled flows of genes to wild relatives; development of herbicide, insect, and virus resistance in wild relatives; reduced crop genetic diversity; and adverse effects on organisms that were not pests, such as beneficial insects.

Key words: Transgenic plant, Biodiversity, Agroecosystem

中图分类号:

Q948

聂呈荣, 王建武, 骆世明. 转基因植物对农业生物多样性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (8): 1369-1373.

NIE Chengrong, WANG Jianwu, LUO Shiming. Effect of transgenic plants on biodiversity of agroecosystem[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (8): 1369-1373.

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