土壤改良剂配施对宁夏盐碱地土壤盐分、pH值及西瓜产量和品质的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.011

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 2665-2674.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.011

土壤改良剂配施对宁夏盐碱地土壤盐分、pH值及西瓜产量和品质的影响

唐祉怡^1,2, 陈欣^1,2, 王西娜³, 田军仓^1,2, 谭军利^1,2*

¹宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川 750021;
²旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心, 银川 750021;
³宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2025-12-10 修回日期:2026-06-23 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2027-02-18
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: tanjl@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:唐祉怡, 女, 2002年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事农业水资源高效利用研究。E-mail: 2403946184@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900605)、国家自然科学基金项目(52369010)和宁夏大学水利工程“一流学科”建设项目

Effects of combined application of soil amendments on soil salinity, pH, yield and quality of watermelon in saline-alkali soil

TANG Zhiyi^1,2, CHEN Xin^1,2, WANG Xina³, TIAN Juncang^1,2, TAN Junli^1,2*

¹School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
²Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources in Modern Dryland Areas, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China;
³School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2025-12-10 Revised:2026-06-23 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2027-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确不同土壤改良剂配合施用对宁夏盐碱地改良及麒麟西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响,本研究设置了75 kg·hm^-2硫肥+600 kg·hm^-2生物有机肥(T₁)、75 kg·hm^-2硫肥+300 kg·hm^-2土壤调理剂(T₂)、600 kg·hm^-2生物有机肥+300 kg·hm^-2土壤调理剂(T₃)和75 kg·hm^-2硫肥+600 kg·hm^-2生物有机肥+300 kg·hm^-2土壤调理剂(T₄)4个处理,以不施改良剂为对照(CK),通过田间试验,分析了各处理对0～100 cm土层土壤pH、含盐量及麒麟西瓜光合特性、生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,各处理均不同程度降低了土壤pH和含盐量,且主要集中在0～60 cm土层,其中T₃和T₄处理对20～40 cm土层pH的降低作用较明显;T₂处理对土壤盐分的降低作用最突出,0～20和20～40 cm土层含盐量分别降低13.8%和29.5%。T₂和T₃处理显著提高了西瓜叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度。T₂处理主要促进了叶面积扩展和主蔓伸长;T₃处理主要促进了主蔓伸长和茎粗增加。T₁、T₂、T₃和T₄处理西瓜产量分别较CK提高8.9%、12.4%、12.3%和11.0%。T₃处理显著增加了果皮硬度,T₂和T₄处理显著提升了果实可溶性固形物、维生素C含量和糖酸比。基于多准则决策模型综合评价,各处理对麒麟西瓜影响的排序为T₂>T₃>T₄>T₁>CK。综上,在本试验条件下,配施75 kg·hm^-2硫肥与300 kg·hm^-2土壤调理剂(T₂)在改良盐碱地土壤、促进麒麟西瓜生长、提高产量和改善品质方面效果最优。

关键词: 盐碱地, 硫肥, 生物有机肥, 土壤调理剂, 西瓜

Abstract: We examined the effects of different combined soil amendments on the quality of saline-alkali soil and on the growth, yield, and quality of watermelon in a field experiment. There were four treatments, including 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer (T₁), 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₂), 600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₃), and 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₄), with no amendment application as the control (CK). We analyzed the effects of different treatments on soil pH, soil salt content in the 0-100 cm soil profile, as well as photosynthetic characteristics, growth, yield, and fruit quality of watermelon. The results showed that all amendment treatments reduced soil pH and salt content to different extents. The decrease in soil pH was mainly concentrated in the 0-60 cm soil layer. The treatments of T₃ and T₄ showed more obvious effects on reducing soil pH in the 20-40 cm soil layer. The T₂ treatment had a more prominent effect on reducing soil salt content, with a reduction of 13.8% and 29.5% in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers, respectively. The T₂ and T₃ treatments significantly increased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of watermelon. The T₂ treatment mainly promoted leaf area expansion and main vine elongation. The T₃ treatment mainly promoted main vine elongation and stem thickening. The T₁, T₂, T₃, and T₄ treatments increased watermelon yield by 8.9%, 12.4%, 12.3%, and 11.0%, respectively. The T₃ treatment significantly increased fruit hardness, while the T₂ and T₄ treatments significantly increased soluble solids, vitamin C content, and sugar-acid ratio. Based on the multi-criteria decision-making model, the comprehensive ranking of different treatments on watermelon was T₂>T₃>T₄>T₁>CK. Overall, the combined application of 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer and 300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner was the optimal treatment for improving saline-alkali soil, promoting watermelon growth, increasing yield and improving fruit quality.

Key words: saline-alkali soil, sulfur fertilizer, bio-organic fertilizer, soil conditioner, watermelon

唐祉怡, 陈欣, 王西娜, 田军仓, 谭军利. 土壤改良剂配施对宁夏盐碱地土壤盐分、pH值及西瓜产量和品质的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(8): 2665-2674.

TANG Zhiyi, CHEN Xin, WANG Xina, TIAN Juncang, TAN Junli. Effects of combined application of soil amendments on soil salinity, pH, yield and quality of watermelon in saline-alkali soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(8): 2665-2674.

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土壤改良剂配施对宁夏盐碱地土壤盐分、pH值及西瓜产量和品质的影响

Effects of combined application of soil amendments on soil salinity, pH, yield and quality of watermelon in saline-alkali soil

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