祁连山不同类型草地的土壤理化性质与植被特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202204.019

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 878-886.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202204.019

• 土壤物理与生态环境专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

祁连山不同类型草地的土壤理化性质与植被特征

杨学亭^1,2, 樊军^1,3*, 盖佳敏^1,2, 杜梦鸽³, 金沐³

¹中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
³西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2021-06-24 接受日期:2021-09-17 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-10-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: fanjun@ms.iswc.ac.cn
作者简介:杨学亭, 女, 1994年生, 博士研究生。主要从事生态水文研究。E-mail: yangxueting17@foxmail.com
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0306)资助

Soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation characteristics of different types of grassland in Qilian Mountains, China

YANG Xue-ting^1,2, FAN Jun^1,3*, GE Jia-min^1,2, DU Meng-ge³, JIN Mu³

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
³State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2021-06-24 Accepted:2021-09-17 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 祁连山草地生态系统在维护我国西部生态安全方面起着举足轻重的作用。为了解祁连山不同类型草地土壤水分、养分等理化性质与植被分布特征,及土壤理化性质与植被特征的相关关系,于祁连山选取7种类型的草地,测定土壤水分含量、养分含量、容重、颗粒组成和植被特征,计算土壤颗粒的分形维数、0～40 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷储量、植物多样性指数。结果表明: 祁连山不同类型草地的土壤理化性质与植被特征差异显著,高寒草甸相比于其他类型草地具有较高的土壤水分、养分和黏粒含量,及较低的容重和砂粒含量;0～40 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷储量变化范围分别为3084～45247、164～2358、100～319 g·m^-2,整体表现为有机碳和全氮含量高、全磷含量低;土壤全磷储量与植物多样性指数呈显著正相关关系,表明土壤全磷含量是祁连山草地植物多样性的关键影响因素。相比其他草地类型,高寒草甸具有较好的植被状况和土壤水分、养分条件。

关键词: 祁连山, 高寒区, 草地, 植物多样性, 土壤物理性质, 土壤养分

Abstract: Grasslands in Qilian Mountains plays an important role in maintaining the ecological security of western China. To understand soil physical and chemical properties and the distribution characteristics of vegetation, as well as their correlation in different types of grasslands in Qilian Mountains, we measured soil moisture, nutrient content, bulk density, particle composition, and vegetation characteristics in seven types of grassland in Qilian Mountains. The fractal dimension of soil particles, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus storages in 0-40 cm soil layer, and plant diversity index were calculated. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation characteristics among different grassland types. Compared with other types of grassland, alpine meadow had higher soil water, nutrient and clay content, but lower bulk density and sand content. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus storages in 0-40 cm layer ranged from 3084 to 45247, 164 to 2358 and 100 to 319 g·m^-2, respectively, with high contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen and low content of total phosphorus. There was a significant positive correlation between soil total phosphorus storage and plant diversity index, indicating that soil total phosphorus content was the key factor affec-ting grassland plant diversity in Qilian Mountains. Compared with other grassland types, alpine meadow in Qilian Mountains had better vegetation status, soil moisture, and nutrient conditions.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, alpine region, grassland, plant diversity, soil physical property, soil nutrient

杨学亭, 樊军, 盖佳敏, 杜梦鸽, 金沐. 祁连山不同类型草地的土壤理化性质与植被特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(4): 878-886.

YANG Xue-ting, FAN Jun, GE Jia-min, DU Meng-ge, JIN Mu. Soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation characteristics of different types of grassland in Qilian Mountains, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(4): 878-886.

参考文献

[1] Yao ZY, Zhao CY, Yang KS, et al. Alpine grassland degradation in the Qilian Mountains, China: A case study in Damaying Grassland. Catena, 2016, 137: 494-500
[2] 宋伟宏, 程慧波. 2000—2016年甘肃祁连山自然保护区土地覆被时空变化分析. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(30): 80-85
[3] Li Q, Yang JY, Guan WH, et al. Soil fertility evaluation and spatial distribution of grasslands in Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PeerJ, 2021, 9: e10986
[4] 李海云, 姚拓, 张建贵, 等. 东祁连山退化高寒草地土壤细菌群落与土壤环境因子间的相互关系. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(11): 3793-3801
[5] 金章利, 刘高鹏, 周明涛, 等. 喀斯特山地草地群落多样性海拔特征及土壤理化性质特征. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(4): 661-668
[6] Yadeta T, Veenendaal E, Sykora K, et al. Effect of Vachellia tortilis on understory vegetation, herbaceous biomass and soil nutrients along a grazing gradient in a semi-arid African savanna. Journal of Forestry Research, 2018, 29: 1601-1609
[7] Liu B, Zhao WZ, Liu ZL, et al. Changes in species diversity, aboveground biomass, and vegetation cover along an afforestation successional gradient in a semiarid desert steppe of China. Ecological Engineering, 2015, 81: 301-311
[8] Wu GL, Ren GH, Wang D, et al. Above- and below-ground response to soil water change in an alpine wetland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Journal of Hydrology, 2013, 476: 120-127
[9] Guo N, Degen AA, Deng B, et al. Changes in vegetation parameters and soil nutrients along degradation and recovery successions on alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2019, 284: 106593
[10] 杜峰, 梁宗锁, 徐学选, 等. 陕北黄土丘陵区撂荒草地群落生物量及植被土壤养分效应. 生态学报, 2007, 27(5): 1673-1683
[11] 黄德青, 于兰, 张耀生, 等. 祁连山北坡天然草地地上生物量及其与土壤水分关系的比较研究. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 20-27
[12] Niu YJ, Yang SW, Zhou JW, et al. Vegetation distribution along mountain environmental gradient predicts shifts in plant community response to climate change in alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 650: 505-514
[13] 李胜平, 王克林. 桂西北喀斯特山地草地土壤养分季节变化规律及其对植被多样性的响应. 水土保持学报, 2016, 30(4): 199-205
[14] Li W, Liu YZ, Wang JL, et al. Six years of grazing exclusion is the optimum duration in the alpine meadow-steppe of the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8: 17269
[15] 鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2000
[16] 付佳琦, 崔国文, 冀国旭, 等. 内蒙古阿荣旗草地植物资源调查及分析. 草地学报, 2018, 26(5): 1140-1145
[17] 廖尔华, 张世熔, 邓良基, 等. 丘陵区土壤颗粒的分形维数及其应用. 四川农业大学学报, 2002, 20(3): 242-245
[18] 王国梁, 周生路, 赵其国. 土壤颗粒的体积分形维数及其在土地利用中的应用. 土壤学报, 2005, 42(4): 545-550
[19] Tang L, Dong SK, Liu SL, et al. The relationship between soil physical properties and alpine plant diversity on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 2015, 4: 88-93
[20] Fayiah M, Dong SK, Li Y, et al. The relationships between plant diversity, plant cover, plant biomass and soil fertility vary with grassland type on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2019, 286: 106659
[21] Zhang J, Zuo XA, Zhou X, et al. Long-term grazing effects on vegetation characteristics and soil properties in a semiarid grassland, northern China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2017, 189: 216
[22] 李凯辉, 胡玉昆, 王鑫, 等. 不同海拔梯度高寒草地地上生物量与环境因子关系. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(9): 2019-2024
[23] 常学向, 赵文智, 赵爱芬. 祁连山区不同海拔草地群落的物种多样性. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(9): 1599-1603
[24] Plantureux S, Peeters A, McCracken D. Biodiversity in intensive grasslands: Effect of management, improvement and challenges. Agronomy Research, 2005, 3: 153-164
[25] Deng L, Wang KB, Li JP, et al. Effect of soil moisture and atmospheric humidity on both plant productivity and diversity of native grasslands across the Loess Plateau, China. Ecological Engineering, 2016, 94: 525-531
[26] 李英年, 鲍新奎, 曹广民. 青藏高原正常有机土与草毡寒冻雏形土地温观测的比较研究. 土壤学报, 2001, 38(2): 145-152
[27] Zhao JX, Li X, Li RC, et al. Effect of grazing exclusion on ecosystem respiration among three different alpine grasslands on the central Tibetan Plateau. Ecological Engineering, 2016, 94: 599-607
[28] Kardol P, Campany CE, Souza L, et al. Climate change effects on plant biomass alter dominance patterns and community evenness in an experimental old-field ecosystem. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16: 2676-2687
[29] Klanderud K, Vandvik V, Deborah G. The importance of biotic vs. abiotic drivers of local plant community composition along regional bioclimatic gradients. PLoS One, 2015, 10(6): e0130205
[30] Giladi I, Ziv Y, May F, et al. Scale-dependent determinants of plant species richness in a semi-arid fragmented agro-ecosystem. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2011, 22: 983-996
[31] 肖莲桂, 石明章, 喇玉先, 等. 1961—2019年祁连山地区降水变化特征分析. 青海科技, 2020(5): 76-80
[32] 缪驰远, 汪亚峰, 魏欣, 等. 黑土表层土壤颗粒的分形特征. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(9): 1987-1993
[33] 姚喜喜, 宫旭胤, 白滨, 等. 祁连山高寒牧区不同类型草地植被特征与土壤养分及其相关性研究. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 371-379
[34] 张德罡. 祁连山区高寒草原土壤肥力特征及肥力因子间的关系. 草业学报, 2002, 11(3): 76-79
[35] 王向涛, 张世虎, 陈懂懂, 等. 不同放牧强度下高寒草甸植被特征和土壤养分变化研究. 草地学报, 2010, 18(4): 510-516
[36] Han WW, Luo YJ, Du GZ. Effects of clipping on diversity and above-ground biomass associated with soil ferti-lity on an alpine meadow in the eastern region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 2007, 50: 361-368
[37] 韩道瑞, 曹广民, 郭小伟, 等. 青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统碳增汇潜力. 生态学报, 2011, 31(24): 7408-7417
[38] 王合云, 郭建英, 董智, 等. 不同放牧退化程度的大针茅典型草原有机碳储量特征. 中国草地学报, 2016, 38(2): 65-71
[39] 顾振宽, 杜国祯, 朱炜歆, 等. 青藏高原东部不同草地类型土壤养分的分布规律. 草业科学, 2012, 29(4): 507-512

祁连山不同类型草地的土壤理化性质与植被特征

Soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation characteristics of different types of grassland in Qilian Mountains, China

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李佳玉, 施秀珍, 李帅军, 王振宇, 王建青, 邹秉章, 王思荣, 黄志群. 杉木人工林和天然次生林林龄对土壤酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 339-346.
[2]	马晓明, 李丹, 雷佳, 于婕, 王楠, 侯贤清, 魏娜, 李荣. 不同降水年型下耕作方式结合覆盖对旱地土壤物理性质和马铃薯产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 447-456.
[3]	刘洪顺, 布仁仓, 王正文, 常禹, 熊在平, 齐丽, 高越. 辽西北沙化土地植被生产力关键影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 49-54.
[4]	张秀颖, 蔡江平, 王聪, 江志阳, 李慧, 王正文, 姜勇, 张玉革. 不同培肥模式对辽西北沙化草地土壤改良与植被恢复的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 55-61.
[5]	王国华, 王佳琪, 刘婧. 晋西北丘陵风沙区柠条锦鸡儿人工林植被和土壤随林龄变化特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 62-72.
[6]	尹必然, 向涌旗, 吕倩, 张妍, 陈雨芩, 陈刚, 赖家明, 李贤伟. 目标树经营对马尾松人工林林下更新的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2047-2054.
[7]	马建国, 李玉满, 王树林, 朱怀德, 姚梦凡, 王晓波. 典型黄帚橐吾型退化草地形成过程中土壤和植被特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2153-2160.
[8]	吴远秀, 刘婧桐, 丁聪, 张炳川, 梁潇洒, 宁宇, 殷江霞, 吕晓涛. 氮素输入和刈割对草甸草原植食性昆虫多度和物种丰富度的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(7): 1975-1980.
[9]	植可翔, 关欣, 李仁山, 王娇, 段萱, 陈波翰, 张伟东, 杨庆朋. 杉木林下植物氮磷重吸收对微尺度土壤养分异质性的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1187-1193.
[10]	王世豪, 徐新良, 黄麟, 赵广. 1980s—2010s东北农田土壤养分时空变化特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 865-875.
[11]	许窕孜, 叶彩红, 张耕, 张中瑞, 朱航勇, 何茜, 丁晓纲. 北江中下游不同林分类型土壤C、N、P生态化学计量特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 962-968.
[12]	解晗, 李俊, 同小娟, 张静茹, 刘沛荣, 于裴洋, 胡海洋, 杨铭鑫. 2000—2018年黄河流域森林和草地物候的时空变化 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(3): 647-656.
[13]	谷昌军, 张镱锂, 刘林山, 魏博, 宫殿清, 崔伯豪. 放牧压力表述的分异及其适用场景 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 433-441.
[14]	裴亚楠, 吕卫光, 郭涛, 白娜玲, 李双喜, 张娟琴, 张海韵, 张翰林. 秸秆还田配施促腐菌剂对土壤团聚体及其养分的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(12): 3357-3363.
[15]	马春燕, 刘明蕊, 刘世婷, 肖顺明, 李桧, 张美艳, 侯扶江, 刘永杰. 草地健康评价方法研究综述 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(12): 3427-3436.