不同培肥模式对辽西北沙化草地土壤改良与植被恢复的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.016

应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 55-61.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.016

• 半干旱区风沙防控专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

不同培肥模式对辽西北沙化草地土壤改良与植被恢复的影响

张秀颖^1,2, 蔡江平^2,3*, 王聪², 江志阳², 李慧², 王正文², 姜勇⁴, 张玉革¹

¹沈阳大学环境学院, 沈阳 110044;
²中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
³辽宁西北部草原生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 辽宁北票 122100;
⁴河北大学生命科学学院, 河北保定 071002

收稿日期:2023-10-11 接受日期:2023-12-04 出版日期:2024-01-18 发布日期:2024-03-21
通讯作者: * E-mail: jpcai@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:张秀颖, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事草地土壤碳周转研究。E-mail: 13284892764@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32271655)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA26020104)和辽宁省重大专项(2020JH1/10300006)

Effects of different fertilization patterns on soil improvement and vegetation restoration of desertified grassland in northwest Liaoning Province, China

ZHANG Xiuying^1,2, CAI Jiangping^2,3*, WANG Cong², JIANG Zhiyang², LI Hui², WANG Zhengwen², JIANG Yong⁴, ZHANG Yuge¹

¹School of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;
²Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
³National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Grassland Ecosystem in Northwest Liaoning Pro-vince, Beipiao 122100, Liaoning, China;
⁴College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China

Received:2023-10-11 Accepted:2023-12-04 Online:2024-01-18 Published:2024-03-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 培肥是辽宁省西北部风沙区生态恢复的关键措施之一。本研究以辽西北沙化草地为对象,设置施用无机肥(氮磷钾肥)、有机肥、有机肥+无机肥配施、有机肥+生物有机基质(γ-聚谷氨酸)配施处理,以不施肥为对照,分析不同培肥模式下土壤有机质及养分含量、地上植被盖度和生物量的变化特征,以筛选辽西北沙化草地适宜培肥模式。结果表明: 与对照相比,施用无机肥能够快速提升地上植被盖度和生物量,但施用高量无机肥(150 kg N·hm^-2)会导致土壤pH降低及Ca²⁺的淋失;施用有机肥提高了土壤有机质含量,显著提高了土壤交换性K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺含量及地上植被盖度和生物量,以有机肥配施γ-聚谷氨酸处理效果最好。在不加生物有机基质的培肥处理中,低量无机肥(50 kg N·hm^-2)与中量有机肥(30000 kg·hm^-2)配施对天然草地的快速、稳定性恢复效果最好,若配施有机基质(60 kg·hm^-2γ-聚谷氨酸),则能够起到更好的土壤改良与养分调控作用。

关键词: 沙化草地, 有机肥, 聚谷氨酸, 植被恢复, 土壤改良

Abstract: Improving soil fertility is one of the key approaches for ecological restoration of the wind-sand area in northwest Liaoning Province. Taking wind-sand area in northwest Liaoning Province as test object, we conducted a fertilization experiment with treatments of inorganic fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers), organic fertilizer, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, and organic fertilizer combined with a biologically organic matrix (γ-polyglutamic acid), and no fertilizer as control. We measured soil organic matter content and extractable cations concentrations, vegetation coverage, and biomass under different fertilization treatments and determine the suitable fertilization mode. The results showed that compared to the control, inorganic fertilizer rapidly increased vegetation coverage and biomass, but high levels of inorganic fertilizer (150 kg N·hm^-2) led to soil acidification and Ca²⁺ leaching. Organic fertilizer increased soil organic matter content, exchangeable K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ contents, as well as coverage and biomass vegetation, especially combined with γ-polyglutamic acid. Overall, the combination of low levels of inorganic fertilizer (50 kg N·hm^-2) and moderate levels of organic fertilizer (30000 kg·hm^-2) was the best fertilization practice for the rapid and stable restoration of grassland in wind-sand area. Moreover, the extra addition of γ-polyglutamic acid (60 kg·hm^-2)could effectively improve soil fertility.

Key words: desertified grassland, organic fertilizer, polyglutamic acid, vegetation restoration, soil improvement

张秀颖, 蔡江平, 王聪, 江志阳, 李慧, 王正文, 姜勇, 张玉革. 不同培肥模式对辽西北沙化草地土壤改良与植被恢复的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 55-61.

ZHANG Xiuying, CAI Jiangping, WANG Cong, JIANG Zhiyang, LI Hui, WANG Zhengwen, JIANG Yong, ZHANG Yuge. Effects of different fertilization patterns on soil improvement and vegetation restoration of desertified grassland in northwest Liaoning Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(1): 55-61.

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不同培肥模式对辽西北沙化草地土壤改良与植被恢复的影响

Effects of different fertilization patterns on soil improvement and vegetation restoration of desertified grassland in northwest Liaoning Province, China

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