工厂化堆肥温室气体排放和氨气同位素特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.009

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1451-1458.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.009

• 稳定同位素生态学专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

工厂化堆肥温室气体排放和氨气同位素特征

刘东^1,2, 孙剑平¹, 王莹莹^2,3, 宋琳琳^2,3, 李靳^2,3, 赵星涵^2,3, 刘畅², 全智^2,4*, 方运霆^2,4

¹沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院, 沈阳 110168;
²中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
³中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
⁴辽宁省稳定同位素技术重点实验室, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2021-09-17 接受日期:2022-03-31 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-12-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: quanzhi@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:刘东, 男, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事堆肥含氮气体释放研究。E-mail: liudong6613@163.com
基金资助:
中国科学院黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28020302)、国家自然科学基金项目(42177214,41701309)和中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所寿光设施农业中心开放性课题(2018SG-B-03)资助。

Characterization of greenhouse gas emissions and stable isotopic composition of ammonia during industrial composting process

LIU Dong^1,2, SUN Jian-ping¹, WANG Ying-ying^2,3, SONG Lin-lin^2,3, LI Jin^2,3, ZHAO Xing-han^2,3, LIU Chang², QUAN Zhi^2,4*, FANG Yun-ting^2,4

¹School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China;
²Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
⁴Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2021-09-17 Accepted:2022-03-31 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 畜禽废弃物堆肥处理过程中产生的二氧化碳(CO₂)、氧化亚氮(N₂O)、甲烷(CH₄)和氨气(NH₃)等是重要的温室气体和大气污染物。但目前有关该过程气体排放的研究多基于室内小型模拟的反应器式堆肥,在工厂化堆肥条件下的原位气体排放监测较少。为探究工厂化堆肥产生气体对区域环境的影响,本研究对沈阳某堆肥厂畜禽废弃物堆体的气体排放进行了19 d的监测,并量化了排放氨气的自然丰度¹⁵N(δ¹⁵N)特征。结果表明: 堆置周期内,CO₂、CH₄、N₂O和NH₃的平均排放速率分别为86.8 g CO₂-C·d^-1·m^-2、9.8 g CH₄-C·d^-1·m^-2、3.7 mg N₂O-N·d^-1·m^-2和736.6 mg NH₃-N·d^-1·m^-2。温室气体日增温潜势(GWP)的贡献大小为CH₄>CO₂>NH₃(间接)>N₂O,其中CH₄贡献了65％。堆肥排放NH₃的δ¹⁵N在-21.8‰～-7.2‰,平均-11.6‰±1.2‰。本研究结果可为区域畜禽废弃物堆肥过程中温室气体排放的核算及大气氨溯源提供数据支持。

关键词: 工厂化堆肥, 温室气体, 增温潜势, ¹⁵N-氨气自然丰度

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), methane (CH₄) and ammonia (NH₃) emitted during the composting of livestock and poultry waste are important gaseous atmospheric pollutants. However, most previous studies on compost-related anthropogenic emissions of these gases were based on small reactor composting. Our understanding of their in situ emissions during industrial composting remains extremely limited. In order to explore the influence of gas produced by industrial composting on regional environment, we monitored CO₂, CH₄, N₂O and NH₃ emissions during industrial composting for 19 days and characterized the isotopic composition of emitted NH₃. On average, the emission rates of CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, and NH₃ during the composting cycle were 86.8 g CO₂-C·d^-1·m^-2, 9.8 g CH₄-C·d^-1·m^-2, 3.7 mg N₂O-N·d^-1·m^-2 and 736.6 mg NH₃-N·d^-1·m^-2, respectively. The contribution of CH₄ to daily global warming potential (GWP) was the highest (65%), followed by CO₂, NH₃(indirect), and N₂O. Moreover, ammonia emitted from industrial compost had a mean δ¹⁵N value of -11.6‰±1.2‰ (range: -21.8‰--7.2‰). Overall, this study provided useful information for understanding greenhouse gas emission dynamics and characterizing atmospheric NH₃ sources during composting process in livestock and poultry breeding areas.

Key words: industrial composting, greenhouse gases, global warming potential, ammonia isotopic composition

刘东, 孙剑平, 王莹莹, 宋琳琳, 李靳, 赵星涵, 刘畅, 全智, 方运霆. 工厂化堆肥温室气体排放和氨气同位素特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1451-1458.

LIU Dong, SUN Jian-ping, WANG Ying-ying, SONG Lin-lin, LI Jin, ZHAO Xing-han, LIU Chang, QUAN Zhi, FANG Yun-ting. Characterization of greenhouse gas emissions and stable isotopic composition of ammonia during industrial composting process[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(6): 1451-1458.

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工厂化堆肥温室气体排放和氨气同位素特征

Characterization of greenhouse gas emissions and stable isotopic composition of ammonia during industrial composting process

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