欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 95-101.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.005

• 半干旱区风沙防控专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤矿排矸场对周边土壤种子库及植被分布格局的影响

林雅超1, 郭小平1*, 李文烨1, 杨帆1, 罗超2, 郝嘉航1, 吴禹希1   

  1. 1北京林业大学水土保持学院/水土保持国家林业局重点实验室, 北京 100083;
    2中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所, 杭州 311400
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-24 接受日期:2023-11-21 出版日期:2024-01-18 发布日期:2024-03-21
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: guoxp@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:林雅超, 女, 1995年生, 博士研究生。主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: 939563498@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504406)和内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0021-03)

Effects of coal mine waste dump on soil seed bank and vegetation distribution pattern

LIN Yachao1, GUO Xiaoping1*, LI Wenye1, YANG Fan1, LUO Chao2, HAO Jiahang1, WU Yuxi1   

  1. 1School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing 100083, China;
    2Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
  • Received:2023-09-24 Accepted:2023-11-21 Online:2024-01-18 Published:2024-03-21

摘要: 煤矿排矸场的长期占压会破坏周边的生态环境,然而,排矸场如何影响周边土壤种子库和植被的空间分布格局尚不清楚。本研究以宁夏灵武市宁东矿区羊场湾第二排矸场为对象,通过调查排矸场周边不同距离的土壤种子库及地上植被,探究排矸场对土壤种子库及地上植被的植物种类和密度分布的影响机制。结果表明: 土壤种子集中分布在0~10 cm土层,随土壤深度增加而降低。随着与排矸场距离增加,土壤种子库和地上植被的植物多样性和密度随之增加后趋于稳定,排矸场对土壤种子库影响范围达300~500 m,对地上植被影响范围达100~300 m。排矸场对土壤种子库垂直分布格局影响不显著,对土壤种子库及地上植被的水平分布格局影响显著,排矸场植被恢复的重点区域是周边的100 ~300 m范围。

关键词: 土壤种子库, 生态恢复, 植被动态, 干扰距离, 相似性指数

Abstract: Long-term occupation of coal gangue dumping sites (CGDS) may destroy ecological environment of nearby area. However, how the CGDS affects the distribution pattern of soil seed banks and vegetation in the nearby area is not clear. In this study, we investigated soil seed bank and vegetation at different distances from the second CGDS of Yangchangwan in Ningdong mining area, Lingwu, Ningxia. The results showed that soil seed bank was mainly distributed in 0-10 cm layer and decreased with increasing soil depth. Species richness of soil seed bank and vegetation first increased and then tended to be stable with increasing distance to the CGDS. The influence range of CGDS on soil seed banks was 300-500 m and was 100-300 m on aboveground vegetation. The CGDS did not affect the vertical distribution pattern of soil seed bank, but significantly affected the horizontal distribution pattern of soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation. The key area of vegetation restoration around the CGDS was between 100 m and 300 m.

Key words: soil seed bank, ecological restoration, vegetation dynamic, disturbance distance, similarity index