调控林木生长的根际微生物功能过程及其影响因素研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 林木根际是根系与土壤的交界面,是由林木根系代谢物、生物及其他理化因子互作而形成的微生态系统。受林木根系活动的影响,根际微生物具有特异性群落结构和功能,对林木生长发育和土壤生态过程产生广泛而复杂的效应。近年来随着高通量测序技术的发展,林木根际微生物的促生、抗逆机制研究突破菌群培养困难的限制,在群落结构和功能以及其与林木互作机制方面的研究取得明显进展,但是在林木代谢调控根际微生物群落构建机制以及靶向性合成菌群研发方面仍有提升空间。本文总结近年来林木根际微生物研究现状,论述了根际微生物群落在调控林木生长及抗逆的功能作用,并简述了林木根际微生物的合成菌群研究,进一步探讨了生物和非生物作用对林木根际微生物的影响;最后在全球气候变化的背景下对林木根际微生物组学及菌群研究发展潜力进行展望,以期为微生物资源在森林健康和林业可持续经营中的应用提供理论支撑。

关键词: 林木生长, 根际微生物, 植物微生物互作, 合成菌群

Abstract: Rhizosphere is the interface between roots and soils in forests, within which the micro-ecosystem is formed by the interaction of root metabolites, organisms and edaphic physicochemical factors. Due to root activities, rhizosphere has specific microbial community and function, with complex effects on forest growth and development and soil ecological processes. Development of high-throughput sequencing technology has advanced our understan-ding on the mechanism of rhizosphere microorganisms in plant growth promotion and stress resistance beyond the limitation of culture difficulties. Microbial community, function and interactions with forests were progressed well, but there are still gaps in the mechanism of rhizosphere microbial assembly regulated by plant metabolism and the development of synthetic microbial communities. We first summarized the functions of rhizosphere microorganisms in plant growth and stress resistance of forests, and addressed the application of synthetic microbial communities. Then, we discussed the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on rhizosphere microorganisms. Finally, we put forward the research on omics and community of forest rhizosphere microorganisms under the background of global climate changes, aiming to provide a theoretical support for the application of microbial resources in forest health maintenance and sustainable development of forestry.

Key words: forest growth, rhizosphere microorganism, plant-microbe interaction, synthetic microbes

华喆, 自海云, 廖杨文科, 唐罗忠, 李孝刚. 调控林木生长的根际微生物功能过程及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(11): 3190-3198.

HUA Zhe, ZI Haiyun, LIAO Yangwenke, TANG Luozhong, LI Xiaogang. Research advances in functional processes and factors of rhizosphere microorganisms in regulating forest growth.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(11): 3190-3198.

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