基于最小数据集评价氮、磷养分添加对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202606.017

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1915-1923.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202606.017

基于最小数据集评价氮、磷养分添加对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响

刘姝萱¹, 汪志奋², 贾晨波³, 薛宇昕⁴, 安钰⁵, 安慧^4*

¹宁夏大学生命科学学院/西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室, 银川 750021;
²宁夏回族自治区盐池滩羊选育场, 宁夏吴忠 751506;
³西北工业大学生命科学与技术学院, 西安 710129;
⁴宁夏大学生态环境学院, 银川 750021;
⁵宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所, 银川 750002

收稿日期:2025-10-03 修回日期:2026-04-30 出版日期:2026-06-18 发布日期:2026-12-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: anhui08@163.com
作者简介:刘姝萱, 女, 1998年生, 博士研究生。主要从事全球变化生态学及微生物资源开发与利用研究。E-mail: lsx1990123@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏自治区重点研发计划项目(2026BEG02049)和宁夏自然科学基金项目(2026AAC030839)

Evaluating the effects of nutrient addition on soil quality of desert steppe based on the minimum data set

LIU Shuxuan¹, WANG Zhifen², JIA Chenbo³, XUE Yuxin⁴, AN Yu⁵, AN Hui^4*

¹School of Life Sciences, Ning-xia University/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China;
²Ningxia Yanchi Tan Sheep Breeding Farm, Wuzhong 751506, Ningxia, China;
³School of Life Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China;
⁴School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
⁵Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China

Received:2025-10-03 Revised:2026-04-30 Online:2026-06-18 Published:2026-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 荒漠草原作为草原向荒漠过渡的生态脆弱带对全球变化响应敏感,其生态系统常受氮(N)、磷(P)双重养分限制。为探究N、P养分添加对该区域土壤质量的影响及筛选适宜的土壤质量评价方法,本研究以宁夏盐池县荒漠草原为研究对象开展长期野外试验,设置对照(CK)、N添加(10 g N·m^-2·a^-1)、P添加(10 g P·m^-2·a^-1)和NP共同添加(10 g N·m^-2·a^-1+10 g P·m^-2·a^-1)4个处理。基于测定的12项土壤理化及生物指标,利用主成分分析(PCA)结合Norm值筛选最小数据集(MDS),并采用线性和非线性模型,计算土壤质量指数(SQI)并进行评价。结果表明:1)筛选的MDS由微生物生物量碳、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶和全磷3个指标构成,指标过滤率达75%,并可有效替代全数据集评价土壤质量;2)与非线性模型相比,基于MDS的线性评价模型与全数据集SQI的拟合度更高(R²分别为0.60和0.56),变异系数更大(17.8%和13.5%),对该区域土壤质量变化的响应更敏感,适用性更佳;3)N、P养分添加均能显著提高荒漠草原SQI,其中NP共同添加对荒漠草原SQI的提升效果(增幅17.9%)显著优于单一N(增幅4.7%)和P添加(增幅14.7%)。综上,NP共同添加是提升荒漠草原土壤质量的长期有效措施,基于最小数据集的线性土壤质量指数模型适用于荒漠草原土壤质量评价。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 氮磷添加, 土壤质量指数, 最小数据集

Abstract: Desert steppe is an ecologically fragile zone transitioning from grasslands to deserts, which is sensitive to global change. Primary productivity in desert steppe is generally limited by both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). To clarify the effects of N and P addition on soil quality and screen suitable methods for soil quality evaluation, we conducted a long-term field experiment in the desert steppe of Yanchi County, Ningxia with four treatments: control (CK), N addition (10 g N·m^-2·a^-1), P addition (10 g P·m^-2·a^-1), and combined N and P addition (10 g N·m^-2·a^-1 + 10 g P·m^-2·a^-1). Based on 12 measured soil physicochemical and biological parameters, we used principal component analysis (PCA) combined with Norm values to select the minimum data set (MDS), and calculated and evaluated the soil quality index (SQI) by both linear and nonlinear models. The results showed that: 1) The screened MDS composed of three indicators: microbial biomass carbon, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, and total phosphorus, with a filtering rate of 75%, which could effectively substitute the full dataset in soil quality evaluation. 2) Compared with the nonlinear model, the linear model based on the MDS exhibited higher fitting accuracy with the full dataset (R²=0.60 vs. 0.56), with a higher coefficient of variation (17.8% vs. 13.5%), and was more sensitive to soil quality variation, indicating better applicability. 3) N and P addition significantly improved the SQI, with the combined N and P addition exhibiting a significantly higher improvement (17.9%) than individual N (4.7%) and P addition (14.7%). In conclusion, combined N and P addition was an effective measure for improving soil quality in desert steppe, and the linear SQI model based on MDS was suitable for evaluating soil quality.

Key words: desert steppe, combined nitrogen and phosphorus addition, soil quality index, minimum data set

刘姝萱, 汪志奋, 贾晨波, 薛宇昕, 安钰, 安慧. 基于最小数据集评价氮、磷养分添加对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(6): 1915-1923.

LIU Shuxuan, WANG Zhifen, JIA Chenbo, XUE Yuxin, AN Yu, AN Hui. Evaluating the effects of nutrient addition on soil quality of desert steppe based on the minimum data set[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(6): 1915-1923.

参考文献

[1] 李晓辉. 沙质草地植物群落特征和土壤质量对氮磷养分添加的响应. 硕士论文. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2021
[2] 张俊华, 黄华雨, 丁启东, 等. 河套平原盐碱化耕地土壤质量评价与障碍因素诊断. 环境科学, 2025, 46(4): 2325-2336
[3] Li XY, Wang DY, Ren YX, et al. Soil quality assessment of croplands in the black soil zone of Jilin Province, China: Establishing a minimum data set model. Ecological Indicators, 2019, 107: 105251
[4] Sun B, Zhou SL, Zhao QG. Evaluation of spatial and temporal changes of soil quality based on geostatistical analysis in the hill region of Subtropical China. Geoderma, 2003, 115: 85-99
[5] Zornoza R, Acosta JA, Bastida E, et al. Identification of sensitive indicators to assess the interrelationship between soil quality, management practices and human health. Soil, 2015, 1: 173-185
[6] Cherubin MR, Tormena CA, Karlen DL. Soil quality evaluation using the soil management assessment framework (SMAF) in Brazilian Oxisols with contrasting texture. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 2017, 41:e0160148
[7] Yu PJ, Liu SW, Zhang L, et al. Selecting the minimum data set and quantitative soil quality indexing of alkaline soils under different land uses in Northeastern China. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 616-617: 564-571
[8] 蔺兴武, 朱建国, 谢祖彬. 吉林蛟河不同演替阶段温带针阔混交林土壤质量演变. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(2): 433-444
[9] Qi YB, Darilek JL, Huang B, et al. Evaluating soil quality indices in an agricultural region of Jiangsu Province, China. Geoderma, 2009, 149: 325-334
[10] Rahmanipour F, Marzaioli R, Bahrami HA, et al. Assessment of soil quality indices in agricultural lands of Qazvin Province, Iran. Ecological Indicators, 2014, 40: 19-26
[11] Larson WE, Pierce FJ. Conservation and enhancement of soil quality// Dumanski J, ed. Evaluation for Sustainable Land Management in the Developing World.Bangkok: International Board for Soil Research and Management, 1991: 175-203
[12] 李鹏飞, 张兴昌, 郝明德, 等. 基于最小数据集的黄土高原矿区复垦土壤质量评价. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(16): 265-273
[13] Swanepoel PA, du Preez CC, Botha PR, et al. Soil quality characteristics of kikuyu-ryegrass pastures in South Africa. Geoderma, 2014, 232: 589-599
[14] Liu ZJ, Zhou W, Shen JB, et al. Soil quality assessment of albic soils with different productivities for Eastern China. Soil and Tillage Research, 2014, 140: 74-81
[15] 周瑶, 马红彬, 贾希洋, 等. 不同生态恢复措施下宁夏黄土丘陵典型草原土壤质量评价. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(18): 102-110
[16] Bi CJ, Chen ZL, Wang J, et al. Quantitative assessment of soil health under different planting patterns and soil types. Pedosphere, 2013, 23: 194-204
[17] Li QX, Jia ZQ, Liu T, et al. Effects of different plantation types on soil properties after vegetation restoration in an alpine sandy land on the Tibetan Plateau, China. Journal of Arid Land, 2017, 9: 200-209
[18] Guo LL, Sun ZG, Ouyang Z, et al. A comparison of soil quality evaluation methods for Fluvisol along the lower Yellow River. Catena, 2017, 152: 135-143
[19] 牛玉斌, 余海龙, 王攀, 等. 氮磷添加对荒漠草原植物群落多样性和土壤C∶N∶P生态化学计量特征的影响. 生态学报, 2019, 39(22): 8462-8471
[20] 肖红, 刘玉玲, 刘忠宽, 等. 氮磷添加对草甸草原土壤氮磷转化功能基因丰度的影响. 生态学报, 2023, 43(1): 313-326
[21] 贺佩, 李悦, 江明兢, 等. 连续氮添加14年对温带典型草原土壤碳氮组分及物理结构的影响. 生态学报, 2021, 41(5): 1808-1823
[22] 刘姝萱. 氮磷添加对荒漠草原植物-微生物-土壤生态化学计量特征的影响. 硕士论文. 银川: 宁夏大学, 2023
[23] Li Z, Wei XM, Zhu ZK, et al. Organic fertilizers incorporation increased microbial necromass accumulation more than mineral fertilization in paddy soil via altering microbial traits. Applied Soil Ecology, 2024, 193:105137
[24] Marklein AR, Houlton BZ. Nitrogen inputs accelerate phosphorus cycling rates across a wide variety of terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytologist, 2012, 193: 696-704
[25] 徐文娴, 郭鑫炜, 吴志祥. 不同施肥方式对海南橡胶园土壤质量的影响. 农业工程学报, 2025, 41(9): 103-112
[26] 刘姝萱, 安慧, 张馨文, 等. 氮磷添加对荒漠草原土壤养分含量及生态化学计量特征的影响. 环境科学, 2023, 44(5): 2724-2734
[27] 杜忠毓, 安慧, 文志林, 等. 荒漠草原植物群落结构及其稳定性对增水和增氮的响应. 生态学报, 2021, 41(6): 2359-2371
[28] Borer ET, Harpole WS, Adler PB, et al. Finding generality in ecology: A model for globally distributed experiments. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2014, 5: 65-73
[29] Masto RE, Chhonkar PK, Singh D, et al. Alternative soil quality indices for evaluating the effect of intensive cropping, fertilisation and manuring for 31 years in the semi-arid soils of India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2008, 136: 419-435
[30] Zhang C, Xue S, Liu GB, et al. A comparison of soil qualities of different revegetation types in the Loess Plateau, China. Plant and Soil, 2011, 347: 163-178
[31] 解星星, 武敏, 辛建宝, 等. 不同改良剂对煤矸石人造土壤质量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(6): 1819-1828
[32] 吴春生, 刘高焕, 黄翀, 等. 基于MDS和模糊逻辑的黄河三角洲土壤质量评估. 资源科学, 2016, 38(7): 1275-1286
[33] 陈正发, 史东梅, 金慧芳, 等. 基于土壤管理评估框架的云南坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(3): 256-267
[34] 吴秀芝, 刘秉儒, 阎欣, 等. 荒漠草地土壤微生物生物量和微生物熵对沙漠化的响应. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(8): 2691-2698
[35] 王志瑞, 杨山, 马锐骜, 等. 内蒙古草甸草原土壤理化性质和微生物学特性对刈割与氮添加的响应. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(9): 3010-3018
[36] 刘姝萱, 安慧, 张馨文, 等. 氮磷添加对荒漠草原植物-凋落物-土壤生态化学计量特征的影响. 生态学报, 2022, 42(21): 8773-8783
[37] Ma J, Qin JR, Ma HB, et al. Soil characteristic changes and quality evaluation of degraded desert steppe in arid windy sandy areas. PeerJ, 2022, 10: e13100
[38] Xu Z, Mi WB, Mi N, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11: 17493
[39] 邹星丞. 氮磷添加对华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林土壤质量的影响. 硕士论文. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2022
[40] Zhang YH, Loreau M, Lü XT, et al. Nitrogen enrichment weakens ecosystem stability through decreased species asynchrony and population stability in a temperate grassland. Global Change Biology, 2016, 22: 1445-1455
[41] Marklein AR, Houlton BZ. Nitrogen inputs accelerate phosphorus cycling rates across a wide variety of terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytologist, 2012, 193: 696-704
[42] Widdig M, Heintz-Buschart A, Schleuss P, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on microbial community composition and element cycling in a grassland soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 151:108041

基于最小数据集评价氮、磷养分添加对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响

Evaluating the effects of nutrient addition on soil quality of desert steppe based on the minimum data set

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	盛佳盈, 郑粉莉, 王雪松, 师宏强, 梁瑞, 王伦. 不同垄作方式下厚层黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤质量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2206-2214.
[2]	石娜, 刘建康, 张洁, 吕鹏, 张程辉, 张博华, 兰慧琴, 王益涛. 围封对宁夏荒漠草原典型植物群落土壤理化性质与酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(6): 1851-1860.
[3]	李璟, 周永维, 沈雅飞, 曾立雄, 刘常富, 程瑞梅, 肖文发. 氮磷添加下马尾松人工林不同凋落物组分分解的土壤调控 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(2): 441-452.
[4]	解星星, 武敏, 辛建宝, 许冲, 贾玉华. 不同改良剂对煤矸石人造土壤质量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(6): 1819-1828.
[5]	张伦, 张宇龙, 夏振尧, 丁瑜, 刘畅, 张昺榴, 周孟夏, 崔磊, 肖海. 干热河谷区高陡岩质边坡生态修复效果评价 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(12): 3636-3646.
[6]	陈晓莹, 陈林, 李敏岚, 曲文杰, 宋乃平, 杨新国, 陈应龙. 荒漠草原黑沙蒿灌丛穿透雨空间分布特征及其对浅层土壤水分的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(12): 3749-3760.
[7]	陈晓莹, 陈林, 杨新国, 李敏岚, 余殿, 宋乃平, 陈应龙. 荒漠草原不同功能群优势植物的水分利用特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(8): 2119-2130.
[8]	马婷婷, 高福洁, 韩丙芳, 彭文栋, 刘定鑫, 刘超, 沈艳, 马红彬. 荒漠草原乡土植物牛枝子种子生产的灌溉制度筛选 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(12): 3401-3408.
[9]	李志丽, 王红梅, 赵亚楠, 周玉蓉. 荒漠草原灌丛引入过程中土壤氮矿化的季节动态及其影响因子 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2161-2170.
[10]	杨新国, 宋乃平, 陈林, 王磊. 旱区植被建设与生境旱化的生态学因果关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1713-1720.
[11]	苟国花, 樊军, 王茜, 周明星, 杨学亭. 基于最小数据集的青藏高原南北部不同土地利用方式土壤质量评价 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1360-1366.
[12]	史多鹏, 叶子壮, 李惠通, 吕慎强, 王林权, 周春菊. 生物炭和氮肥配施对夏玉米-冬小麦轮作体系耕层土壤质量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 442-450.
[13]	刘建康, 冯湘, 张克斌, 刘淑琴, 刘新月. 荒漠草原优势种群油蒿空间分布格局对封育恢复的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 720-726.
[14]	张彬, 赵天启, 贺启珅, 郑佳华, 赵萌莉. 放牧对短花针茅荒漠草原土壤团聚体组成及稳定性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(12): 3263-3270.
[15]	蒋丛泽, 受娜, 高玮, 马仁诗, 沈禹颖, 杨宪龙. 青藏高原东北缘不同土地利用类型土壤质量综合评价 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(12): 3279-3286.