Abstract: This paper studied the spatial distribution patterns of soil nutrients and biological characteristics and related major affecting factors in seasonal wet meadow in Zhalong wetland. In the meadow, the soil nutrients, microbial communities, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen showed an obvious vertical distribution, but the soil enzyme activities had a complicated spatial distribution due to the effects of multi factors. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen had significant positive correlations with soil β-glucosidase, urease, and phosphatase activities (P<0.05), soil organic carbon had significant correlations with soil actinomycetes and soil catalase activity (P<0.05), soil available K, total N, alkali-hydrolyzable N, and C/N ratio were significantly correlated with soil bacteria (P<0.05), actinomycetes (P<0.05), β-glucosidase activity (P<0.05), and microbial biomass nitrogen (P<0.05), respectively, whereas soil total P and pH had no significant correlations with soil microbial activity (P>0.05). Two models, one for soil nutrients evaluation and another for soil microbiological prediction, were constructed by principal component analysis.

Key words: wetland, soil enzyme activity, soil microbial biomass, soil microorganism, soil nutrient,  , principal component analysis, tea-applied chrysanthemum, planting date, pinching, new varieties (line), yield.