1980—2018年祁连山南坡土地利用变化及其驱动力

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.017

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 2699-2709.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.017

1980—2018年祁连山南坡土地利用变化及其驱动力

付建新¹, 曹广超^2,3*, 郭文炯¹

¹太原师范学院城镇与区域发展研究所, 山西晋中 030619;
²青海师范大学青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室, 西宁 810008;
³青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室, 西宁 810008

收稿日期:2020-02-26 修回日期:2020-06-10 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2021-02-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: caoguangchao@126.com
作者简介:付建新, 男, 1980年生, 博士, 讲师。主要从事土地利用与区域发展研究。E-mail: fujx@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404304)、青海省科学技术厅自然基金项目(2018-ZJ-903)和祁连山国家公园青海研究中心开放项目(GKQ2019-01)资助

Land use change and its driving force on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains from 1980 to 2018

FU Jian-xin¹, CAO Guang-chao^2,3*, GUO Wen-jiong¹

¹Institute of Urban and Regional Development, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China;
²Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
³Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Xining 810008, China

Received:2020-02-26 Revised:2020-06-10 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2021-02-15
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0404304), the Natural Fund Program of Qinghai Science and Technology Department (2018-ZJ-903) and the Open Project of Qilian Mountain National Park Research Center (Qinghai) (GKQ2019-01).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 祁连山是我国第一阶梯和第二阶梯的分界线,生态环境脆弱,对过渡地带土地利用变化及其驱动力研究具有重要的生态意义。本研究以祁连山南坡为研究区,基于1980—2018年遥感影像数据,运用空间自相关分析法、ArcGIS空间分析方法和主成分分析法分析了土地利用的时空变化特征及其驱动力。结果表明: 1980—2018年,草地是研究区土地利用类型的主体,建设用地所占比重最小,水域、草地表现为下降趋势,未利用土地、建设用地和耕地均呈现出增长态势,林地变化较小。不同地类单一土地利用动态度从大到小依次为:建设用地＞水域＞耕地＞未利用土地＞林地＞草地,综合土地利用动态度为0.9%。不同土地利用类型空间分布表现出空间集聚性特征。耕地增加的区域和林地、草地减少的区域主要分布在门源县城所处大通河谷地西北侧,天峻县东北部大通河上游地区存在工矿建设用地占用草地的现象。土地利用变化驱动力主要为人口数量、科技、城市化、经济发展水平和政策。本研究结果可为政府合理规划和利用土地资源提供依据,对祁连山南坡生态环境保护和社会经济可持续发展具有重大意义。

Abstract: Qilian Mountains is the boundary of the first and second steps of China's terrain, with fragile ecological environment. There is great ecological significance to study land use change and driving force in transitional areas. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal characte-ristic of land use and its driving force in the south slope of Qilian Mountains, based on RS image data from 1980 to 2018, with the spatial autocorrelation method, ArcGIS spatial analysis method and principal component analysis. The results showed that, from 1980 to 2018, grassland was the main land use type, and the proportion of construction land was the smallest. Water area and grassland showed a declining trend, while unused land, construction land and farmland showed an increasing trend. There was smaller change for the woodland. The single dynamic degree of different land types decreased following an order of construction land, water, farmland, unused land, woodland and grassland. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was 0.9%. The spatial distribution of different land use types showed the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. The increased areas of farmland and the decreased areas of woodland and grassland were mainly distributed in the northwest of the Datong River valley of Menyuan County, while in the upper reaches of Datong River in the northeast of Tianjun County, grassland was occupied by construction land. The driving force of land use was population, science and technology, urbanization, level of economic development, and policies. Our results would support the government to reasonably plan and utilize land resources, which is of significance to the protection of ecological environment and the sustainable development of society and economy on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains.

Key words: land use change, spatial autocorrelation, hotspot analysis, driving force, southern slope of Qilian Mountains

付建新, 曹广超, 郭文炯. 1980—2018年祁连山南坡土地利用变化及其驱动力[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(8): 2699-2709.

FU Jian-xin, CAO Guang-chao, GUO Wen-jiong. Land use change and its driving force on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains from 1980 to 2018[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(8): 2699-2709.

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1980—2018年祁连山南坡土地利用变化及其驱动力

Land use change and its driving force on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains from 1980 to 2018

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