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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 3923-3932.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.004

• 生态系统服务与生态产品价值核算专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

山西煤田生态系统服务时空格局及驱动力

潘换换1,吴树荣1,姬倩倩1,杜自强1*,张红2   

  1. 1山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006;
    2山西大学资源与环境学院, 太原 030006
  • 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-05-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: duzq@sxu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:潘换换, 女, 1994年生, 博士研究生。主要从事生态系统服务与人类福祉方面的研究。E-mail:phhsxdx@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(U1810101,41871193)、山西省研究生教育创新项目(2020SY035)和山西省高等学校“服务产业创新学科群建设计划”项目(20181401)资助

Spatio-temporal pattern and driving forces of ecosystem services in coalfields of Shanxi Pro-vince, China

PAN Huan-huan1, WU Shu-rong1, JI Qian-qian1, DU Zi-qiang1*, ZHANG Hong2   

  1. 1Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    2College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
  • Online:2021-11-15 Published:2022-05-15
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (U1810101, 41871193), the Shanxi Graduate Education Innovation Project (2020SY035), and the “Service Industry Innovation Discipline Group Construction Plan” of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province (20181401).

摘要: 煤炭对人类经济社会的发展贡献巨大,其经济效益备受关注,然而煤田为人类提供的生态系统服务却往往易被忽视。本研究基于山西煤田1986、2000、2015年遥感数据、气象数据、土壤数据等,采用InVEST模型估算土壤保持量和产水量,CASA模型估算植被净初级生产力,RWEQ模型估算防风固沙,采用k-均值聚类分析和地理探测器模型模拟山西煤田生态系统服务的空间格局及影响机制。结果表明: 1986—2015年,研究区土壤保持服务、产水服务、植被生产服务和防风固沙服务呈持续增长态势。土壤保持服务高值区主要集中在河东煤田北部和沁水煤田东北部,低值区分布在大同煤田西南部边缘;产水服务高值区主要集中在沁水煤田东北部,低值区分布在西山煤田和沁水煤田西北部;植被生产服务高值区主要集中在沁水煤田东南部,低值区分布在大同煤田、宁武煤田、西山煤田和河东煤田北部;防风固沙服务低值区和高值区在研究区中的位置不固定。生态系统服务簇可分为4类,第一类属于土壤保持服务簇,主要分布在宁武煤田北部、河东煤田北部和沁水煤田北部;第二类属于产水服务簇,主要分布在霍西煤田和沁水煤田南部等地区;第三类属于植被生产服务簇,主要分布在沁水煤田局部;第四类属于防风固沙服务簇,主要分布在河东煤田南部和沁水煤田局部。土壤保持服务受气温、数字高程模型(DEM)、工业产值影响较大,q值分别为0.5、0.3、0.2;产水服务受降水、气温、DEM影响较大,q值分别为0.8、0.3、0.2;植被生产服务的工业产值、降水、气温q值分别为0.7、0.6、0.2;防风固沙服务的主要影响因素有降水、气温和DEM,q值分别为0.7、0.3、0.3。煤田生态系统服务的空间分布及多种生态系统服务之间的关系与自然和人为因素紧密相关,因此,保持自然和人为因子与生态服务之间良好的协调关系,有助于为煤田生态系统可持续发展、土地复垦与生态重建及管理政策的制定提供科学依据。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 簇, 驱动力, 时空格局, 煤田

Abstract: Although coal has made a huge contribution to the development of the economy and socie-ty and its economic benefits have often attracted much attention, little research has focused on the ecosystem services of coalfields. Based on remote sensing data, meteorological data, and soil data in Shanxi coalfields during 1986, 2000, and 2015, we estimated soil conservation and water yield using the InVEST model, assessed the net primary productivity of vegetation using the CASA mo-del, and estimated sand fixation using the RWEQ model. Further, we simulated the spatial patterns of ecosystem services (ESs) using the k-means cluster analysis method and analyzed the influence factors of ESs using the Geodetector model in Shanxi coalfield areas. The results showed that soil conservation service, water yield service, and sand fixation service increased continuously. The high-value area of soil conservation service was mainly concentrated in the north of Hedong coalfield and the northeast of Qinshui coalfield, while the low-value area was distributed in the southwestern edge of Datong coalfield. The high-value area of water yield service was mainly concentrated in the northeast of Qinshui coalfield, while the low-value area was distributed in the northeast of Qinshui coalfield, Xishan coalfield and northwestern Qinshui coalfield. The high-value area for vegetation production service was mainly concentrated in the southeast of Qinshui coalfield, while the low-value area was distributed in Datong coalfield, Ningwu coalfield, Xishan coalfield, and northern Hedong coalfield. The distribution of low- and high-value areas of sand fixation service was unfixed. Ecosystem service bundles could be divided into four categories. The first category belonged to soil conservation service bundle, mainly distributed in the northern Ningwu coalfield, the northern Hedong coalfield, and the northern Qinshui coalfield. The second was water yield service bundle, mainly distributed in Huoxi coalfield and southern Qinshui coalfield. The third category belonged to vegetation production service bundle, mainly distributed in parts of Qinshui coalfield. The fourth category belonged to sand fixation service bundle, mainly distributed in the southern part of Hedong coalfield and Qinshui coalfield. Soil conservation service was greatly affected by temperature, digital elevation model (DEM), and industrial output value, with q values of 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively. Water yield service was greatly affected by precipitation, temperature, and DEM, with q values of 0.8, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively. The industrial output value, precipitation, and temperature q values of vegetation production service were 0.7, 0.6, and 0.2, respectively. The main influen-cing factors of sand fixation service were precipitation, temperature, and DEM, while the q values were 0.7, 0.3, and 0.3, respectively. The spatial distribution of coalfields ESs and the relationship between multiple ESs were closely related to natural and human factors. Therefore, maintaining the coordination relationship between natural-human factors and ecological services would be helpful to the management of the land reclamation, ecological reconstruction, and the sustainable development of coalfields ecosystem.

Key words: ecosystem service, bundle, driving force, spatio-temporal pattern, coalfield.