关键词: 化学形态, 硅, 铅污染, 根际, 移动指数

Abstract: In last 10 years, extensive field inventories were carried out to investigate Polypore species, the major wood-de-caying fungi in the Changbaishan Nature Reserve of Northeastern China. The following 27 species were treated as rare or threathened species: Amylocystis lapponica ( Romell ) Singer, Anomoporth albolutescens ( Romell )Pouzar, Anomoporia bombycbza (Fr.) Pouzar, Anomoporia vesiculosa Y.C. Dai & Niemelae, Antrodia carbon-ica (Overh.) Ryvarden & Glib., Antrodia crassa (P. Karst. ) Ryvarden, Antrodiella citrinella Niemel/i & Ry-varden, Diplomitoporus flavescens (Bres.) Domdnski, DonkiopoHa excpansa (Desm.) Kotl. & Pouzar,Gloeo-phyllum carbonarium (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ryvarden, Haploporus odorus (Sommerf.) Bondartsev & Singer, Inwmtopsis subiculosa (Peck) Parmasto, Nigroporus ussu Hensis (Bondartsev & Ljub. ) Y.C. Dai & Niemela, Oxyporus sinensis X.L. Zeng, Parmastomyces taxi(Bondartsev) Y.C. Dai & Niemela, Phellinidium sulphurascens( Pilat ) Y.C. Dai, Phellinus vaninii Ljub., Polyporus vassilievae Thorn, Pycnoporellus fulgens(Fr.) Donk, Skeletocutis brezdspora Niemela, Skeletocutis ochroalba Niemela, Nieletocut/s perennls Ryvarden, Tmchispora candidissima (Schwein.) Bondartsev & Singer, Wolfiporia dilatohypha Ryvarden & Glib., Wol fiporia curvispora Y.C. Dai, Wrightoporia avellanea ( Bres. ) Pouzar and Wrightoporia lenta ( Oveh. & J.Lowe) Pouzar. Polypores are richer in East Asia than in Europe and North America, not only because of de-structive galciations and fewer hosts in the latters, but also because of the geography. NE Asia is a link between Europe and North America. Changbaishan Nature Reserve is very rich in polypores, and over 260 species were recorded in the reserve. Some rare species in North America and Europe, for instance, Anomotoria albo-lutescens, Antrodia crassa, Diplomitoporus flavescozs, Inonotopsis subiculosa and Skeletocutis ochroalba etc.were found in Changbaishan Nature Reserve as well, and these species are in fact rare in the earth. Most of the 27 species occurred on fallen trunks or rotten wood in the reserve, but some of them grew on living trees. 18species occured on substrate of gymnosperrns, and 9 species grew on wood of angiosperm. Among the 27 species,7 species caused a brown rot, and 20 species produced a white rot. Tho morphology, substrate and ecology of each species were briefly discussed. The most important tool for polypore conservation is the conservation of their habitats, and it is necessary to study the ecology of the rare and threathened species of polypores in the Chang-baishan Nature Reserve. Because most of polypores live on the substrate of fallen trunks and rotten wood, it is very important to keep such substrate in the ecosystem.

Key words: silicon, rhizosphere, mobility index, chemical forms., lead pollution