东北地区农田防护林结构对林网内积雪分布格局的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 181-185.

东北地区农田防护林结构对林网内积雪分布格局的影响

范志平¹, 曾德慧¹, 陈伏生¹, 朱教君¹, 姜凤岐¹, 沙建国²

1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016;
2. 辽宁省葫芦岛市水利局水土保持办公室, 葫芦岛, 125000

收稿日期:2003-06-11 修回日期:2003-10-20
通讯作者: 范志平,男,1970年生,博士,副研究员,硕士生导师,主要从事防护林生态、水土保持与荒漠化防治、林业生态工程及恢复生态学研究,已发表论文50余篇.E-mail:fzp@iae.ac.cn;zhiping-fan@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30100144);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3SW418);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所知识创新工程资助项目(SCXZD010201)

Influence of shelterbelts structure on snow distribution pattern in shelternets in Northeast China

FAN Zhiping¹, ZENG Dehui¹, CHEN Fusheng¹, ZHU Jiaojun¹, JIANG Fengqi¹, SHA Jianguo ²

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
2. Soil and Water Conservation Office in Irrigation Works Bureau, Huludao City, Liaoning Province, Huludao 125000, China

Received:2003-06-11 Revised:2003-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 东北地区冬季降雪是农田土壤水分的重要来源.探索农田防护林结构对林网内积雪分布格局的影响,是经营实践中如何依据疏透度指标来指导农田防护林结构调控的关键问题.通过由3个不同疏透度林带组成的林网内积雪深度的测定,对农田积雪分布格局进行了研究.结果表明,林网的结构对农田积雪分布产生较大影响.疏透度不同的林网内积雪分布的空间格局有明显差别,而且疏透度差异越大,分布格局的差异越显著.其中,在疏透度为φ_2w=0.579、φ_2s=0.268的林网内,农田积雪分布比较均匀,总体上整个农田积雪深度较为一致.这样,可依据疏透度与积雪分布格局的这种关系,指导冬季防护林带的结构调控与优化经营.

关键词: 农田防护林, 疏透度, 积雪深度, 分布格局

Abstract: The amount of snow that falls in farmland during winter in Northeast China is the important source of soil water in farmland, so the influence of shelterbelt structure on snow distribution pattern is the key problem in order to adjust structure of shelterbelts according to porosity in management practice. Based on snow depths in shelternets composed of shelterbelts with three levels of porosity, which were shelternet No. 1, shelternet No. 2, and shelternet No. 3, the snow distribution patterns in farmland were studied. The results showed that the structure of shelternet had great influence on snow distribution in farmland. With different levels of porosities, spatial pattern of snow distribution were obviously different in three shelternets. The more variant in porosity, the more obvious difference in snow distribution pattern, and the best uniformity of snow distribution appeared in shelternet with porosity of φ_2w=0.579,φ_2s=0.268, in which snow depth in farmland was relative even and the variability of snow depth was the least. Consequently, the relationship of porosity of shelterbelt with snow distribution pattern could be used to guide structure adjustment and optimization management of shelterbelts.

Key words: Windbreaks/shelterbelts, Porosity, Snow depth, Distribution pattern

中图分类号:

S715.5

范志平, 曾德慧, 陈伏生, 朱教君, 姜凤岐, 沙建国. 东北地区农田防护林结构对林网内积雪分布格局的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (2): 181-185.

FAN Zhiping, ZENG Dehui, CHEN Fusheng, ZHU Jiaojun, JIANG Fengqi, SHA Jianguo . Influence of shelterbelts structure on snow distribution pattern in shelternets in Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (2): 181-185.

参考文献

[1] Brandle JR. 1986.Windbreak Technology.Proceedings of an Inter-national Symposium on Windbreak Technology,Lincoln,Nebraska,June.23～ 27
[2] Cao X-S(曹新孙).1983.Windbreaks and Shleterbelts. Beijing:China Forestry Press. 235～243 (in Chinese)
[3] Davis JE, Norman JM.1988.Effects of shelter on plant water use.Agric Ecosyst Environ, 22/23: 393 ～ 402
[4] Fan Z-P(范志平),Guan W-B(关文彬),Zeng D-H(曾德慧),et al. 2001. Indices and criteria of highly effective and multi-functional management of shelterbelts/windbreaks in northeast China. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(5):701 705(in Chinese)
[5] Fan Z-P(范志平),Guan W-B(关文彬),Zeng D-H(曾德慧),et al. 2000. Construction history and actuality of shelterbelts/windbreaks artificial eco-engineering. J Soil Water Cons ( 水土保持学报),14(5):49～54(in Chinese)
[6] Fan Z-P(范志平),Zeng D-H(曾德慧),Jiang F-Q(姜凤岐),et al.2001.Application of sustainable and intensive management model of shelterbelts/windbreaks.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(6):811～814(in Chinese)
[7] Fan Z-P(范志平),Zeng D-H(曾德慧),Zhu J-J(朱教君),et al.2002. Advance in characteristics of ecological effects of farmland shelterbelts.J Soil WaterCons(水土保持学报),16(4):130～133(in Chinese)
[8] Heisler G, Dewalle DR.1988. Effect of windbreaks structure on wind flow. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 22/23: 41 ～ 69
[9] McNaughton KG. 1983. The direct effect of shelter on evaporation rates:Theory and an experimental test. Agric Meteorol, 29:125～136
[10] Wilson JD.1987.On the choice of windbreak porosity profile.Boundary-Layer Meteorol, 38: 37～ 49
[11] Woodruff NP, Fryrear DW,Lyles L.1963.Reducing wind velocity with field shelterbelts. USDA Agric Res Service Technol Bull,131:1～26
[12] Ye S-S(叶仕生),LiuH-C(刘惠昌),LiangW-D(梁卫东),et al.1992. Structure of farmland shelterbelts and distribution of accumulated snow. In:Gao Z-Q(高子勤) ed. Comprehensive Management of Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry for Albic Soils in Sanjiang(Heilong, Songhua and Wusuli Rivers) Plain. Beijing: China Forestry Press. 262～279 (in Chinese)
[13] Zeng D-H(曾德慧),Jiang F-Q(姜凤岐),Fan Z-P(范志平).2002. Sustainable management for farmland shelterbelts. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(6):747～749(in Chinese)
[14] Zhu T-Y(朱廷曜).1992.The Study of Ecological Effects and Physical Characteristics in the Boundary Layer of Protective Forest System. Beijing: Meteorology Press. 1 ～ 12 (in Chinese)

[1]	赵允格, 吉静怡, 张万涛, 明姣, 黄琬雲, 高丽倩. 黄土高原生物土壤结皮分布时空分异特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 739-748.
[2]	梁雪丽, 梁晓霞, 毛晓雅, 柴宝峰, 贾彤. 芦芽山鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛不同深度土壤细菌群落分布格局及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 381-389.
[3]	吴德东, 刘志民, 曹宇. 半干旱风沙区“山水林田湖草沙”建设中防护林营建的原理与方法 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 17-24.
[4]	张悦, 马巍格, 刘谷娥, 周全来, 郭佳, 曹伟. 东北半干旱区外来植物入侵现状评估 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 73-79.
[5]	邱婧, 韩安霞, 何春梅, 尹秋龙, 贾仕宏, 罗颖, 李晨璐, 郝占庆. 秦岭优势乔木锐齿槲栎的空间分布格局及种内关联 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(8): 2035-2042.
[6]	刘建康, 冯湘, 张克斌, 刘淑琴, 刘新月. 荒漠草原优势种群油蒿空间分布格局对封育恢复的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 720-726.
[7]	陈科屹, 张会儒, 张博, 何友均. 云冷杉天然次生林死木分布格局及空间关联性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(8): 2745-2754.
[8]	尉文, 宋文超, 郭毅春, 张厚发, 闫琰, 张硕新. 太白山锐齿栎林物种-多度分布格局 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(5): 1717-1725.
[9]	尉文, 闫琰, 刘晓云, 张硕新. 太白山锐齿栎林群落结构特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(6): 1923-1932.
[10]	池森, 王从军, 黎庆菊, 吴志红, 柴宗政. 喀斯特次生林幼树更新空间分布格局及种间关联性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(12): 3989-3996.
[11]	闫秀, 窦建德, 黄维, 黄文广, 李小伟. 宁夏珍稀濒危植物半日花种群结构和点格局分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(11): 3614-3620.
[12]	陈星, 刘正祥, 杜春红, 洪梅, 龚正达, 邵宗体, 段兴德, 高子厚. 云南省农耕区小型兽类群落结构及分布格局 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(6): 2039-2048.
[13]	张晓红, 张会儒, 卢军, 胡雪凡. 长白山蒙古栎次生林群落结构特征及优势树种空间分布格局 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(5): 1571-1579.
[14]	贾龙, 张建英, 任国栋. 阿拉善高原拟步甲空间分布格局及其与气象因子的关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(10): 3316-3326.
[15]	刘旻霞, 连依明, 李文. 微地形对优势种群点格局和关联性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(5): 1569-1575.