土壤施钙诱导水稻幼苗抗低温和抗病生理机制研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验发现,以干土重1%的CaO混土处理培育水稻秧苗,能显著提高幼苗的抗低温和抗立枯病能力.对其生理机制研究表明,该处理对水稻幼苗体内活性氧清除酶系统具有显著影响.与空白对照处理相比,施钙处理的水稻幼苗根部和地上部SOD活性增强;根部POD活性显著增强,地上部POD活性下降;根部和地上部CAT活性则先下降,后上升;根部和地上部的可溶性蛋白含量均有所上升.POD同工酶PAGE电泳结果表明,CaO处理的水稻幼苗地上部POD同工酶谱带明显减弱和减少,而根部POD同工酶谱带增强和增多.这些结果揭示了土壤施加CaO可提高水稻幼苗抗低温和抗病能力的部分原因.

关键词: 水稻, 活性氧清除酶系, 钙, 抗逆性

Abstract: Applying calcium oxide into soil could improve the ability of rice seedlings in low temperature-and damping-off disease resistance.After treated with calcium,the active oxygen eliminating enzyme activities of rice seedlings increased significantly.Compared with control,the SOD activity in seedling's root and shoot increased.The POD activity in rice seedling's root also increased,but decreased in shoot.The CAT activities decreased at the early stage,but increased at late stage.The soluble protein content in seedling's root and shoot was higher than that of the control.In the PAGE pattern of isoperoxidase,the band number of shoot increased,but that of root decreased.All these changes were part of reasons that applying calcium oxide into soil improved the resistance of rice seedlings to cold and damping-off disease.

Key words: Rice, Active oxygen eliminating enzyme system, Calcium, Stress resistance

中图分类号:

S311

刘峰, 张军, 张文吉, 王洪刚. 土壤施钙诱导水稻幼苗抗低温和抗病生理机制研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (5): 763-766.

LIU Feng, ZHANG Jun, ZHANG Wenji, WANG Honggang . Physiological mechanism of rice seedlings in low temperature-and damping-off disease resistance induced by calcium application into soil.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (5): 763-766.

参考文献

[1] Bangerth F.1979.Calcium related physiological disorders of plants.Ann Rev Phyto-Pathol,17:97～122
[2] Ding W-M(丁文明),Zhao Y-J(赵毓橘).1995.Effect of epi-BR on activity of peroxides and soluble protein content of cucumber cotyledon.Acta Phytophysiol Sin(植物生理学报),21(3):259～264(in Chinese)
[3] GongM(龚明),Du C-Q(杜朝昆),Xu W-Z(许文忠).1996.Involvement of calcium and calmodulin in the regulation of drought resistance in Zea mays seedling.Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin(西北植物学报),16(3):214～220(in Chinese)
[4] Ishida A,Ono K,Matsusaka T.1985.Cell wall-associated peroxides in cultured celia of liverwort,Marchantis polymnorpha L.changes of peroxides level and its localization in the cell wall.Plant Cell Rep,4:54～61
[5] Lamb C,Dixon R.1997.The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance.Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol,48:251～275
[6] Li M-R(李美如),Liu H-X(刘鸿先),Wang Y-R(王以柔),et al.1996.Effect of calcium onthe cold-resistance of rice seedlings.Acta Phytophysiol Sin(植物生理学报),22(4)379～384(in Chinese)
[7] Liu F(刘峰),Zhang J(张军),Zhang W-J(张文吉).2001.The physiological effects of calcium oxide on rice seedlings.ChinBull Bot(植物学通报),18(4):490～495(in Chinese)
[8] Lu S-Y(卢少云),Li Y-C(黎用朝),Guo Z-F(郭振飞),et al.1999.Enhancement of drought resistance of rice seedlings by calcium.Chin JRice Sci(中国水稻科学),23(3):161～164(in Chinese)
[9] Misako K,Shimizu S.1985.Chlorophyll metabolism in higher plants VI.Involvenent of peroxides in chlorophyll degradation.Plant Cell Physiol,26:1291～1296
[10] Rengel Z.1992.Role of calcium in aluminum toxicity.New Phytol,121:499～513
[11] Shen Q-Y(沈其荣),Zhu Y-Y(朱毅勇),Xie X-D(谢学东),et al.2000.The role of Ca₂+ in the systemic resistance of cucumber young leaf induced by phosphate nutrition.Plant Nutr Fert Sci(植物营养与肥料学报),6(3):280～286(in Chinese)
[12] Yamouchi N,Minamide T.1985.Chlorophyll degradation by peroxides in parsleyleaves.JJap Soc Hort Sci,54:265～270
[13] Yan H(颜宏),Shi D-C(石德成),Yin S-J(尹尚军).2000.Effects of Ca₂+,ABA and H3PO4 on relaxing stress of Na2CO3 and NaCl.Chin JAppl Ecol(应用生态学报),11(6):889～892(in Chinese)
[14] Xhang X-Z(张宪政).1992.Crop Plant Physiology Resesrch Method.Beijing:China Agricultural Press.195～200(in Chinese)

[1]	吕佳佳, 初征, 李百超, 宫丽娟, 周宝才, 刘丹, 王冬妮, 姜丽霞. 东北地区水稻开花期冷涡型光-温-水复合逆境产量损失评估指标构建 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 731-738.
[2]	韦兆伟, 陈若谷, 殷楠, 柯浩楠, 沙雅晴, 赵峻池, 李琪, 胡正华. 基于稻瘟病的水稻抗逆性对CO₂浓度和温度升高的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1563-1571.
[3]	娄运生, 于玉洁, 刘燕, 杨蕙琳, 周东雪. 施硅对夜间增温下南方水稻生长、产量和品质的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 985-992.
[4]	宁川川, 陈悦桂, 柳瑞, 李彤欣, 陈海浪, 田纪辉, 蔡昆争. 减氮配施秸秆生物炭对双季稻产量和硅、氮营养的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 993-1001.
[5]	万翔宇, 肖孔操, 李德军, 张玉玲, 段鹏鹏. 桂西北岩溶区不同土地利用方式下土壤反硝化基因丰度及其驱动因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(12): 3340-3346.
[6]	石丽红, 唐海明, 文丽, 程凯凯, 李超, 李微艳, 肖小平. 长期不同施肥模式对南方双季稻田生态系统净碳汇效应和经济收益的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(9): 2450-2456.
[7]	胡旺, 赵杭, 周旋, 王艺哲, 张含丰, 张玉平. 施用南荻生物炭对不同类型土壤氨挥发的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1919-1926.
[8]	谌洁, 吕腾飞, 王志强, 王仲林, 林郸, 李郁, 杨志远, 孙永健, 马均. 青菜/油菜茬口下水稻栽植方式对温光资源利用和产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(2): 405-414.
[9]	徐晨潇, 张晓宇, 刘超越, 刘昆, 毕焕改, 艾希珍. 外源褪黑素与钙离子互作对高温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗过氧化伤害的缓解效应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(10): 2725-2735.
[10]	郭翔, 赵金鹏, 王茹琳, 李旭毅, 王明田. 四川盆区直播和移栽水稻的连阴雨灾害危险性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3213-3222.
[11]	李新悦, 李冰, 莫太相, 王昌全, 万艺媛, 陈写畅, 李和明. 长期秸秆还田对水稻土团聚体及氮磷钾分配的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3257-3266.
[12]	王丙磊, 王冲, 刘萌丽. 蚯蚓对土壤-植物系统生态修复作用研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 2259-2266.
[13]	郑一, 张振, 范金根, 童庆元, 陈胜龙, 许志琪, 周志春. 磷肥对不同结实能力马尾松无性系雌球花量及针叶氮磷营养的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1184-1192.
[14]	吴龙龙, 田仓, 张露, 黄晶, 朱练峰, 张均华, 曹小闯, 金千瑜. 稻田水氮氧环境因子对水稻生长发育、光合作用和氮利用的调控研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1498-1508.
[15]	石丽红, 李超, 唐海明, 程凯凯, 李微艳, 文丽, 肖小平. 长期不同施肥措施对双季稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和水解酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 921-930.