嫁接对辣椒根际土壤环境的影响及其与抗病性和产量的关系

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.032

应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 3539-3547.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.032

嫁接对辣椒根际土壤环境的影响及其与抗病性和产量的关系

段曦¹, 毕焕改¹, 魏佑营¹, 李婷¹, 王洪涛², 艾希珍^1*

¹山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点开放实验室, 山东泰安 271018;
²枣庄市农业示范园, 山东枣庄 277300

收稿日期:2016-03-08 出版日期:2016-11-18 发布日期:2016-11-18
通讯作者: E-mail: axz@sdau.edu.cn
作者简介:段曦,女,1982年生,博士.主要从事植物生理生态研究. E-mail: xiguagongzhu@126.com
基金资助:
本文由山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-05-10)、山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题(鲁财农指〔2016〕36号)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD05B03)资助

Effect of grafting on rhizosphere soil environment and its relationship with disease resistance and yield of pepper.

DUAN Xi¹, BI Huan-gai¹, WEI You-ying¹, LI Ting, WANG Hong-tao², AI Xi-zhen^1*

¹College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China;
²Zaozhuang Agriculture Demonstration Garden, Zaozhuang 277300, Shandong, China

Received:2016-03-08 Online:2016-11-18 Published:2016-11-18
Contact: E-mail: axz@sdau.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System in Shandong Province (SDAIT-05-10), the Key Agriculture Application Technology Innovation Subject in Shandong Province (2016-36) and the National Science & Technology Support Plan of China (2014BAD05B03).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以‘卫士’(WS)和‘部野丁’(BYD)辣椒为砧木,‘新丰2号’(XF)辣椒为接穗嫁接,以‘新丰2号’自根嫁接辣椒(XF/XF)为对照(CK),研究嫁接对辣椒根际土壤微生物量、物理性质、养分含量及土传病害和产量的影响.结果表明: 嫁接辣椒新丰/卫士(XF/WS)与新丰/部野丁(XF/BYD)根际土壤的真菌和放线菌数量较多,放线菌比例较大;定植60 d时,嫁接辣椒根际土壤过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著高于CK;定植90 d时,XF/WS根际土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶(NR)活性显著高于CK;此外,嫁接辣椒根际土壤浸提液中的烃类化合物增多,XF/WS和XF/BYD根际土壤N、P、K含量显著低于CK,根际土壤电导率(EC)略高,XF/WS的pH显著高于CK,而XF/BYD与CK差异不显著.说明嫁接可优化辣椒根际土壤环境,增强其对土传病害的抗性,XF/WS和XF/BYD的产量分别比CK增加40.8%和28.7%.

关键词: 根际土壤环境, 辣椒, 土传病害, 产量, 嫁接

Abstract: We investigated the effect of grafting on the root rhizosphere soil microorganisms, physical properties, nutrient content, soil-borne disease and yield of pepper, using ‘Weishi’ (WS) and ‘Buyeding’ (BYD) as rootstocks, the cultivar pepper ‘Xinfeng 2’ (XF) as scion, and the own-root (XF/XF) pepper as the control. The results indicated that XF/WS and XF/BYD significantly increased the populations of fungi and actinomycetes and the percentage of actinomycetes. 60 days after transplanting, the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were much higher in root rhizosphere soil of grafted pepper. 90 days after transplanting, the activities of phosphatase, invertase, urease, and nitrate reductase (NR) were much higher in root rhizosphere soil of XF/WS. In addition, The XF/WS and XF/BYD also highly increased hydrocarbon compounds in soil extraction, slightly increased electric conductivity (EC) but lowered nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in root rhizosphere soil. Higher pH in root rhizosphere soil was found in XF/WS but not in XF/BYD. These data indicated that grafting could optimize the rhizosphere soil environment of pepper and enhance the resistance of soil-borne diseases. The yields of XF/WS and XF/BYD were increased by 40.8% and 28.7%, respectively.

Key words: yield, root-borne disease, grafting, rhizosphere soil environment, pepper

段曦, 毕焕改, 魏佑营, 李婷, 王洪涛, 艾希珍. 嫁接对辣椒根际土壤环境的影响及其与抗病性和产量的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(11): 3539-3547.

DUAN Xi, BI Huan-gai, WEI You-ying, LI Ting, WANG Hong-tao, AI Xi-zhen. Effect of grafting on rhizosphere soil environment and its relationship with disease resistance and yield of pepper.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(11): 3539-3547.

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嫁接对辣椒根际土壤环境的影响及其与抗病性和产量的关系

Effect of grafting on rhizosphere soil environment and its relationship with disease resistance and yield of pepper.

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