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应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (03): 666-672.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

松嫩平原破碎化羊草草甸退化演替系列植物多样性的空间格局

韩大勇1,2,杨永兴1,杨允菲2**,李建东2,杨〓杨3   

  1. 1同济大学环境科学与工程学院教育部长江水环境重点实验室/污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室, 上海 200092; 2东北师范大学草地科学研究所教育部植被生态科学重点实验室, 长春 130024; 3同济大学生命科学与技术学院, 上海 200092
  • 出版日期:2012-03-18 发布日期:2012-03-18

Spatial patterns of plant species diversity in a degraded successional series of fragmented Leymus chinensis meadow in
 Songnen Plain of Northeast China.

HAN Da-yong1, 2, YANG Yong-xing1, YANG Yun-fei2, LI Jian-dong2, YANG Yang3   

  1. 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment/ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; 3School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Online:2012-03-18 Published:2012-03-18

摘要: 物种多样性格局是国际生物多样性科学前沿领域热点问题.本文以松嫩平原破碎化羊草草甸退化演替系列(6种植物群落、144个斑块)为研究对象,系统地探讨了其SymbolaA@、β和γ多样性空间格局及其机理.结果表明: 在羊草草甸退化演替系列中共发现87种植物,但没有一种能分布于所有斑块;羊草+鸡儿肠群落或羊草群落的α、β和γ多样性较高,多稀有种和特有种;碱地肤群落最低,少稀有种,无特有种;γ多样性与α多样性显著正相关,但与β多样性无相关性.各植物群落的α多样性与单个斑块面积呈显著幂函数关系,β多样性(相似性指数Sjk)仅羊草+鸡儿肠群落呈显著幂函数关系;斑块平均面积和总面积与α、γ多样性呈显著正相关,与β多样性无相关性.群落的物种丰富度越高,稀有种和特有种就越多,物种在局域斑块上灭绝的可能性越大;β多样性在物种多样性格局中的重要性与生境破碎化程度有关.

关键词: 羊草草甸, 物种多样性, 空间格局, 植物群落斑块, 松嫩平原

Abstract: Species diversity pattern is a hot topic in the forward field of international biodiversity research. Taking a degraded successional series (six communities distributed in 144 isolated patches) of fragmented Leymus chinensis meadow in Songnen Plain as test objects, this paper studied the spatial patterns of SymbolaA@, β, and γ diversities and related mechanisms. Eighty seven plant species were recorded, but none of them were distributed across all patches. L. chinensis + Kalimeris integrifolia community or L. chinensis community had higher SymbolaA@, β, and γ diversities, with more rare species and endemic species, while Kochia sieversiana community had lower SymbolaA@, β, and γ diversities, with few rare species and no endemic species. The γ diversity showed significant positive correlation with SymbolaA@ 〖KG*2〗diversity, but no correlation with β diversity. There was a significant power function correlation between the α〖KG*2〗diversity and the area of single patch of the six communities, but no correlation between the β diversity (Bray-Curtis similarity index, Sjk) and the area of single patch of the communities except for L. chinensis + K. integrifolia. Both the α and  γ diversity showed significant correlations with the mean patch area and total patch area, but the β diversity did not. The higher the species richness in the communities, the more the rare species and endemic species, the larger the possibility of species depopulation in local patches was. The importance of β diversity for shaping species diversity pattern was related to the degree of
habitat fragmentation.

Key words: Leymus chinensis meadow,  , plant species diversity,  , spatial pattern, plant community patch, Songnen Plain