短期氮沉降改变毛竹林凋落物和土壤有机质化学组成

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202310.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究短期氮沉降对凋落物和土壤有机质化学组成的影响,以亚热带毛竹林为对象,于2020年7月—2022年1月设置氮沉降增加(施氮量50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)处理,利用热裂解气相色谱质谱联用(Py-GC/MS)技术,对毛竹林毛竹叶/根凋落物和土壤的有机质化学组分进行了分析。结果表明:与对照相比,短期氮沉降处理土壤有机质中酚类的相对含量显著增加了50.9%,而脂肪酸的相对含量显著减少了26.3%;叶凋落物中烷烯烃和木质素的相对含量显著增加了51.9%和33.5%,酚类和多糖的相对含量显著减少了52.2%和56.3%;根凋落物中多杂环芳香烃的相对含量显著减少了16.6%。土壤有机质中脂肪酸的相对含量与叶凋落物中多糖的相对含量呈显著正相关;土壤有机质中酚类的相对含量与叶凋落物中木质素的相对含量呈显著正相关,与多糖的相对含量呈显著负相关。短期氮沉降对毛竹林毛竹叶/根凋落物和土壤的总有机碳、总氮和碳氮比均无显著影响,但是会显著改变三者的有机质化学组成;另外,短期氮沉降下土壤有机质化学组成的变化受叶凋落物有机质化学组成的影响。

关键词: 短期氮沉降, 土壤有机质, 凋落物分解, 热裂解气相色谱质谱联用技术

Abstract: To investigate the effects of short-term nitrogen (N) deposition on organic matter composition of litter and soil in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests, we established a N-addition treatments (50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1) to simulate the ambient and N deposition in a subtropical Moso bamboo forest from July 2020 to January 2022. We analyzed the organic matter composition of Moso bamboo leaf/root litter and soil by using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique. The results showed that short-term N deposition significantly increased the relative content of soil phenols by 50.9%, while significantly decreased fatty acids by 26.3%. The rela-tive content of alkanes & alkenes and lignin in leaf litter was significantly increased by 51.9% and 33.5%, respectively, while that of phenols and polysaccharides significantly decreased by 52.2% and 56.3%. In root litter, eleva-ted N significantly decreased the relative content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 16.6%. Moreover, the relative content of fatty acids in soil organic matter was significantly positively correlated with the relative content of poly-saccharides in leaf litter. The relative content of phenols in soil organic matter was significantly positively correlated with the relative content of lignin, and negatively correlated with the relative content of polysaccharides in leaf litter. Our results demonstrated that short-term N deposition did not change the concentration of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N of the soil, leaf litter, and root litter, but significantly altered the chemical composition of organic matter. In addition, the changes in chemical composition of organic matter in soil under short-term N deposition were affected by the composition of organic matter in leaf litter.

Key words: short-term nitrogen deposition, soil organic matter, litter decomposition, pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technology

王毅焕, 靳一丹, 姜铭楷, 马书琴, 陈有超, 蔡延江. 短期氮沉降改变毛竹林凋落物和土壤有机质化学组成[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(10): 2593-2600.

WANG Yihuan, JIN Yidan, JIANG Mingkai, MA Shuqin, CHEN Youchao, CAI Yanjiang. Short-term nitrogen deposition changes chemical composition of litter and soil organic matter in a Moso bamboo forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(10): 2593-2600.

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