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应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 3203-3213.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202312.026

• 水文生态专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同河岸缓冲区尺度下土地利用方式对嘎呀河流域水质的影响

王宏雪1, 武玮1*, 王琦琨1, 杨雪琪1, 殷旭旺2   

  1. 1济南大学水利与环境学院, 济南 250022;
    2大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 辽宁大连 116000
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-14 修回日期:2023-10-30 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-06-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: stu_wuw@ujn.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王宏雪, 男, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事水文与水资源学研究。E-mail: 912236945@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY101704)和国家自然科学基金项目(51909104)

Impact of land use pattern on water quality under different riparian buffer zone scales in Gaya River Basin, Northeast China

WANG Hongxue1, WU Wei1*, WANG Qikun1, YANG Xueqi1, YIN Xuwang2   

  1. 1School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Ji’nan, Ji’nan 250022, China;
    2College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2023-08-14 Revised:2023-10-30 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2024-06-15

摘要: 土地利用是影响河流水质的重要因素之一,量化不同河岸缓冲区尺度下土地利用方式及空间格局与水质因子之间的关系,对土地利用合理规划及水质改善具有重要意义。本研究以嘎呀河流域为例,基于2021年5月共91个点位的水质调查数据,从河岸缓冲区尺度分析流域土地利用及景观空间分布格局,并采用冗余分析(RDA)和广义加性模型(GAM)探讨土地利用方式及空间分布格局对河流水质的影响。结果表明: 总氮是影响嘎呀河水质的首要因素。50、100和500 m河岸缓冲区以耕地为优势土地利用类型,将点位划分为耕地优势组和耕地其他组;1000、1500和2000 m河岸缓冲区以林地为优势土地利用类型,将点位分为林地优势组和林地其他组。100 m河岸缓冲区是对嘎呀河水质指标的最强影响尺度,其次为1000 m河岸缓冲区。林地优势组中,铵氮、电导率、溶解氧、磷酸盐和高锰酸盐指数均受土地利用类型面积占比的显著影响,其中,铵氮浓度随着林地面积占比和耕地面积占比的增加而增大,磷酸盐浓度与Shannon多样性指数(SHDI)显著相关,高锰酸盐指数受SHDI和最大斑块指数(LPI)影响明显。耕地优势组中,总氮浓度受林地面积占比、草地面积占比和LPI的共同影响,当林地面积占比在8%~40%时,总氮浓度呈下降趋势。耕地其他组中,总悬浮固体浓度与耕地面积占比呈正相关,与林地面积占比呈负相关。嘎呀河水质受林地面积占比的影响最大,其次为耕地面积占比,但LPI、SHDI与其他土地利用类型面积占比的交互作用对水质的影响也不容忽视。

关键词: 水质, 土地利用, 嘎呀河流域, 广义加性模型, 河岸缓冲区

Abstract: River water quality is influenced by land use and landscape distribution patterns. Quantifying the relationship between land use, landscape pattern and water quality factor at different riparian buffer zone scales is of great significance for rational land use planning and water quality improvement. Based on water quality data from 91 sites in May 2021 in the Gaya River Basin, we analyzed the spatial characteristics of land use types and landscape patterns at the riparian buffer zone scales. With redundancy analysis (RDA) and generalized additive models (GAM), we examined the effects of land use and landscape patterns on river water quality. The results showed that water quality was primarily impacted by total nitrogen (TN). Farmland was the dominant land use type at riparian buffer zone of 50, 100 and 500 m. The sampling sites were classified into farmland dominant group and farmland other group. Forest was dominant at riparian buffer zone of 1000, 1500, 2000 m, and the sampling sites were classified into forest dominant group and forest other group. 100 m riparian buffer zone was the strongest scale in the Gaya River, and 1000 m was the second. Land use types in the forest dominant group were closely related with electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, permanganate index and ammonium (NH4+-N) of water. NH4+-N was positively correlated with proportion of forest and farmland area. Phosphate was significantly affected by Shannon diversity index (SHDI). SHDI and largest patch index (LPI) was the key landscape indices affecting permanganate index. TN was significantly impacted by area proportion of forest, grassland and LPI in farmland dominant group, showing decreasing trend with the area proportion of forest increasing from 8% to 40%. Total suspended solids in farmland other group were significantly correlated with proportion of farmland area, while negatively correlated with proportion of forest area. Water quality in the Gaya River was mainly affected by proportion of forest area, followed by proportion of farmland area. The combined effects of LPI, SHDI and other land use types played an important role in affecting water quality.

Key words: water quality, land use, Gaya River Basin, generalized additive model, riparian buffer zone