红松营养枝和生殖枝不同叶龄针叶形态解剖结构和光合特性

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202501.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 77-85.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202501.006

红松营养枝和生殖枝不同叶龄针叶形态解剖结构和光合特性

王朋阳¹, 吴海波^1,2, 姚莉¹, 杨剑飞^1,3, 张鹏^1,2,3, 沈海龙^1,2*

¹东北林业大学林学院, 哈尔滨 150040;
²国家林草局红松工程技术研究中心, 哈尔滨 150040;
³森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2024-06-06 修回日期:2024-11-11 出版日期:2025-01-18 发布日期:2025-07-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: shenhl-cf@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:王朋阳, 男, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事植物光合生理特性方面的研究。E-mail: 13251613901@163.com
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572023CT02-02)和国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2201002)

Morphological-anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of needles with different ages on vege-tative and reproductive branches of Pinus koraiensis trees

WANG Pengyang¹, WU Haibo^1,2, YAO Li¹, YANG Jianfei^1,3, ZHANG Peng^1,2,3, SHEN Hailong^1,2*

¹College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
²State Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Technology Research Center of Korean Pine, Harbin 150040, China;
³Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Forest Ecosystem, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2024-06-06 Revised:2024-11-11 Online:2025-01-18 Published:2025-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以全光下6、7和8月处于结实状态的40年生红松母树生殖枝和营养枝上的当年生和一年生针叶为研究对象,比较针叶形态解剖结构和光合性能指标的差异,分析不同枝型和叶龄针叶各指标间的相关性。结果表明: 除了气孔密度、叶宽和中柱面积外,当年生针叶其他形态指标、解剖结构指标和含水率在不同月份间差异显著,而一年生针叶在不同月份间差异不明显。当年生针叶在7和8月叶长分别比6月显著提高91.0%～110.1%和122.2%～131.5%,比叶面积分别显著减小32.8%～40.9%和44.8%～52.5%,木质部面积分别显著增大47.3%～70.8%和75.9%～105.7%,韧皮部面积分别显著增大29.2%～30.0%和64.3%～73.2%。当年生和一年生针叶净光合速率(P_n)在不同月份间的变化趋势相反,表现出当年生针叶在7月和8月的P_n比6月分别增高 17.1%～39.8%和40.3%～51.5%,而一年生针叶在7月和8月的P_n比6月分别降低40.1%～56.9%和45.2%～46.1%。生殖枝和营养枝之间的针叶叶长和P_n差异显著,表现在生殖枝6和7月当年生针叶叶长分别比营养枝显著减小16.4%和28.1%,生殖枝当年生和一年生针叶P_n分别比营养枝显著减小23.1%和20.4%。生殖枝和营养枝当年生针叶的PSⅡ反应中心激发能捕获效率(F_v′/F_m′)和P_n以及营养枝当年生针叶胞间CO₂浓度与除了气孔密度之外的其他形态解剖结构指标紧密相关,而一年生针叶相关不紧密。叶龄是导致针叶形态解剖结构和光合性能指标产生差异的主要因素,枝条类型仅对叶长和P_n有显著影响。

关键词: 红松, 叶龄, 枝条类型, 叶解剖结构, 光合指标

Abstract: We compared the differences of morphological, anatomical structure and photosynthetic performance of the current-year and one-year-old needles on reproductive and vegetative branches of 40-year-old Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) trees under full light during the fruiting period of June, July and August. We further analyzed the correlation between various needle indexes of different branch type and needle ages. The results showed that, except stomatal density, needle width and central cylinder area, the other morphological, anatomical structure indexes and moisture content of current-year needles showed significant differences among different months, while the variables of one-year-old needles showed no difference across months. The length of current-year needles in July and August was significantly greater than that in June by 91.0%-110.1% and 122.2%-131.5%, respectively, while the speci-fic needle area was significantly lower by 32.8%-40.9% and 44.8%-52.5%, respectively. The xylem area was significantly higher by 47.3%-70.8% and 75.9%-105.7%, and the phloem area was significantly higher by 29.2%-30.0% and 64.3%-73.2%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of current-year and one-year-old needles showed opposite trend across different months, with the P_n of current-year needles in July and August was 17.1%-39.8% and 40.3%-51.5% higher compared to June, while the P_n of one-year-old needles in July and August decreased by 40.1%-56.9% and 45.2%-46.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in length and P_n of needles between reproductive and vegetative branches. The current-year needle length on reproductive branches in June and July was significantly shorter than those on vegetative branches by 16.4% and 28.1%. The P_n of current-year and one-year-old needles on reproductive branches was significantly lower than those on vegetative branches by 23.1% and 20.4%, respectively. Capture efficiency of excitation energy in PSⅡ reaction center (F_v′/F_m′) and P_n of current-year needle on reproductive and vegetative branches, as well as the intercellular CO₂ concentration of current-year needles on vegetative branch were closely correlated with other morphological and anato-mical structure indices, except for stomatal density, while one-year-old needles showed weak correlations. Needle age was the primary factor causing differences in morphological and anatomical structures and photosynthetic performance indices of needles, while branch type only significantly affected needle length and P_n.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis, needle age, branch type, needle anatomy, photosynthetic index

王朋阳, 吴海波, 姚莉, 杨剑飞, 张鹏, 沈海龙. 红松营养枝和生殖枝不同叶龄针叶形态解剖结构和光合特性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 77-85.

WANG Pengyang, WU Haibo, YAO Li, YANG Jianfei, ZHANG Peng, SHEN Hailong. Morphological-anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of needles with different ages on vege-tative and reproductive branches of Pinus koraiensis trees[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(1): 77-85.

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红松营养枝和生殖枝不同叶龄针叶形态解剖结构和光合特性

Morphological-anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of needles with different ages on vege-tative and reproductive branches of Pinus koraiensis trees

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