不同施肥处理下稻田亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化活性及微生物群落特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202604.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化(N-DAMO)是控制稻田甲烷(CH₄)减排的重要途径。目前有机肥与无机氮肥配施下稻田N-DAMO活性及功能微生物变化特征尚不清楚。本研究设置无机氮肥(NPK)、粪肥配施无机氮肥(MNPK)和秸秆还田配施无机氮肥(SNPK)3种施肥处理,在水稻(南粳9108)典型生育期(孕穗期、抽穗期、成熟期)采集土壤样品,利用室内泥浆培养试验结合稳定同位素示踪、高通量测序及荧光定量PCR技术,系统分析不同施肥处理下N-DAMO活性和功能微生物NC10细菌基因丰度及群落结构变化特征。结果表明:土壤N-DAMO活性为2.20～6.58 nmol CO₂·g^-1·d^-1,在抽穗期MNPK和SNPK处理下N-DAMO活性显著高于NPK处理,其他生育期各处理间差异不显著。NC10细菌基因丰度在8.36×10⁶～2.77×10⁷ copies·g^-1,MNPK和SNPK处理下NC10细菌基因丰度显著高于NPK处理,增幅分别为53.9%和27.7%;但3种施肥处理下NC10细菌群落结构未发生显著改变。相关性分析发现,土壤含水率和铵氮含量是影响稻田N-DAMO活性的主要环境因子。综上,MNPK处理NC10细菌基因丰度最高,并且在一定程度上促进了N-DAMO活性,在3种施肥处理中减缓稻田CH₄排放的潜力最高。

关键词: 施肥, N-DAMO, NC10细菌基因丰度, 群落结构, 稻田

Abstract: Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) is a critical pathway for mitigating methane (CH₄) emissions from paddy fields. The characteristics of N-DAMO activity and functional microbial communities under combined organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer remain unclear. We conducted an experiment with three fertilization treatments, including inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (NPK), combined organic manure and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (MNPK), and straw return combined with inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (SNPK). We collected soil samples during rice (Nanjing 9108) key growth periods (booting, heading, and maturity periods). Through laboratory slurry incubation combined with stable isotope tracing, high-throughput sequencing, and quantitative PCR (qPCR), we systematically analyzed the variations in N-DAMO activity, gene abundance and community structure of the functional microorganism NC10 bacteria under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that N-DAMO activity ranged from 2.20 to 6.58 nmol CO₂·g^-1·d^-1. The N-DAMO activity at the heading stage under MNPK and SNPK was significantly higher than that under NPK, while there were no significant differences among treatments during other growth periods. The gene abundance of NC10 bacteria ranged from 8.36×10⁶ to 2.77×10⁷ copies·g^-1 dry soil. Under MNPK and SNPK, the gene abundance of NC10 bacteria was significantly higher than that under the NPK, with 53.9% and 27.7% increases, respectively. There were no significant changes in NC10 bacterial community structure among three fertilization treatments. Correlation analysis revealed that soil water content and NH₄ ⁺-N were the primary environmental factors influencing N-DAMO activity in paddy fields. In conclusion, MNPK treatment resulted in the highest NC10 bacterial gene abundance and enhanced N-DAMO activity, exhibiting the greatest potential to mitigate CH₄ emission from paddy fields among the three fertilization treatments.

Key words: fertilization, N-DAMO, NC10 bacterial gene abundance, community structure, paddy field

王艳萍, 任冰洁, 白亚南, 沈李东. 不同施肥处理下稻田亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化活性及微生物群落特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(4): 1125-1133.

WANG Yanping, REN Bingjie, BAI Yanan, SHEN Lidong. Characteristics of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation activity and microbial community in paddy fields under different fertilization treatments[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(4): 1125-1133.

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