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应用生态学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 249-252.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

降解有机氯农药的微生物菌株分离筛选及应用效果

方玲   

  1. 福建农业大学土地与环境学系, 福州350002
  • 收稿日期:1999-08-15 修回日期:2000-01-12 发布日期:2000-03-25
  • 基金资助:

    福建省“八·五”重点科技项目(85-002)

Isolation and selection of strains used to degrade organic chlorine pesticides and application effects

FANG Ling   

  1. Department of Land and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou 350002
  • Received:1999-08-15 Revised:2000-01-12 Published:2000-03-25

摘要: 以有机氯农药 (666、DDT)作为唯一碳源的Tonomura培养基分离筛选后,得到降解 666(BHC)的主要菌株有153号 (芽孢菌属Bacillus)、411号(无色杆菌属Achromobacter)和 512号 (假单孢菌属Pseudomonas),其对 666总量的降解率分别为 59.6%、56.9%和 56%,对 β-666的降解率分别为 55.9%、57.6%和56.9%.降解DDT的主要菌株有:288号(产碱杆菌属Alcaligenes)、410号和 411号 (均为无色杆菌属),其对DDT总量的降解率分别达 5 9.0%、47.5%和 45.1%,对PP′-DDT的降解率为 59.9%、57.6%和 49.6%.将这些分离出的菌株制成复合菌剂,应用于盆栽试验和田间试验,所得到的降解效应类似于纯培养试验,表明田间应用复合菌剂,对降解农药残留是可行的.

关键词: 有机氯农药, 微生物降解, 海河流域, 有机碳, 氮, 沉积物, 磷, 污染评价

Abstract: With the organic chlorine pesticides (666, DDT) as sole carbon resources, three strains, No.153 (Bacillus), No.411 (Achromobacter) and No.512 (Pseudomonas), which can degrade 666 (BHC), were isolated and selected in Tonomura culture medium. The degradation rates of these strains were 59.6%, 56.9% and 56.0% for total amount of 666, and 55.9%, 57.6% and 56.9% for β-666, respectively. The other strains, No.288 (Alcaligenes), No.410 and No.411 (Achromobacter) to degrade DDT were also obtained. The degradation rates of the strains were 59.0%, 47.5% and 45.1% for total amount of DDT, and 59.9%, 57.6% and 49.6% for PP'-DDT, respectively. The degradation effects of the mixtures of the isolated strains in pot and field experiments were similar to those of the pure culture, indicating it is a feasible measure to apply the mixture of strains to degrade residual pesticides in fields.

Key words: Organic chlorine pesticides, Microbial degradation, phosphorus, organic carbon, pollution evaluation, nitrogen, Haihe River Basin., sediment