论生态安全的基本概念和研究内容

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 354-358.

论生态安全的基本概念和研究内容

肖笃宁^1,2, 陈文波², 郭福良³

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
3. 内蒙古大兴安岭毕拉河林业局, 诺敏 165474

收稿日期:2001-03-01 修回日期:2001-05-08
通讯作者: 肖笃宁,男,1938年生,研究员,博士导师,国际景观生态学会副主席,发表论文120余篇,论著合著8部.E-mail:xiaodun@ns.lzb.ac.cn;xiaodun@mail.sy.ln.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(90102004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(49971007);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新工程所长基金资助项目(201019)

On the basic concepts and contents of ecological security

XIAO Duning^1,2, CHEN Wenbo², Guo Fuliang³

1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental Engineering Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000;
2. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016

Received:2001-03-01 Revised:2001-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 安全是风险的反函数,通常指评价对象对于期望值状态的保障程度,或防止非理想的不确定性事件发生的可靠性.生态安全可定义为人类在生产、生活与健康等方面不受生态破坏与环境污染等影响的保障程度,包括饮用水与食物安全、空气质量与绿色环境等基本要素.生态安全研究的主要内容包括生态系统健康诊断、区域生态风险分析、景观安全格局、生态安全监测与预警以及生态安全管理、保障等方面.区域生态安全研究具有宏观性和针对性的特点,评价标准则具有相对性和发展性,生态安全预警与设计要针对某一生态问题体现人类活动的能动性.最后,以干旱内流区为例,对绿洲景观的生态安全分析和内陆河流域的生态安全保障措施进行了讨论.

关键词: 生态安全, 生态风险, 生态系统健康, 预警, 管理, 地下产流产沙, 人工降雨, 地表产流产沙, 喀斯特坡耕地

Abstract: Security is the inverse function of risk,generally regarded as safeguard degree expectation state of assessment object, or reliability of prevent imperfect and uncertainty event to happen.Ecological security can defined as mankind's ensure degree un effected by ecological destroy and environmental pollution in yield,living and health,including basic element of water and food security,air quality and green environment. The mostly content of ecological security consists of ecological health diagnosis,regional ecological risk analysis,landscape security pattern,ecological security monitoring and prediction,and ecological security management and guarantee etc. Study on regional ecological security has characteristics of macro scope and pertinence,assessment criterion of relativity and expansibility. Ecological security prediction and design should embody the capability of human activity. At last,authors discuss the measures of the ecological security ensure of inland watershed and ecological security analysis of oasis landscape.

Key words: Ecological Security, Ecological risk, Ecosystem Health, Prediction, Management, Karst slope cropland, surface runoff and sediment yield, artificial rainfall, underground runoff and sediment yield

中图分类号:

Q149

肖笃宁, 陈文波, 郭福良. 论生态安全的基本概念和研究内容[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (3): 354-358.

XIAO Duning, CHEN Wenbo, Guo Fuliang. On the basic concepts and contents of ecological security[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (3): 354-358.

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