开放式空气CO2增高对水稻物质生产与分配的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 253-257.

开放式空气CO₂增高对水稻物质生产与分配的影响

黄建晔¹, 董桂春¹, 杨洪建¹, 王余龙¹, 朱建国², 杨连新¹, 单玉华¹

1. 扬州大学农业部作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州 225009;
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008

收稿日期:2002-06-12 修回日期:2002-08-03
通讯作者: 王余龙
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2408);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270777)

Effect of free-air CO₂ enrichment on biomass accumulation and distribution in rice

HUANG Jianye¹, DONG Guichun¹, YANG Hongjian¹, WANG Yulong¹, ZHU Jianguo², YANG Lianxin¹, SHAN Yuhua¹

1. Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
2. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academys of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China

Received:2002-06-12 Revised:2002-08-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在大田栽培条件下,研究开放式空气CO₂增加(FACE)200μmol·mol^-1的处理对水稻物质生产与分配的影响.结果表明,FACE处理使移栽至抽穗后20d的干物质积累量显著增加,使抽穗后20d至成熟期的干物质生产量显著减少,生物产量显著提高.移栽至抽穗期的干物质积累量增加是由于叶面积系数和净同化率共同提高所致;抽穗期至抽穗后20d的干物质积累量增加主要是由于叶面积系数的增加所致;抽穗后20d至成熟期的干物质生产量减少主要是由于净同化率的下降所造成.提高茎鞘占全株干物重的比例,降低叶片占全株干物重的比例,对穗占全株干物重的比例无显著影响,能显著提高水稻抽穗期茎鞘中可溶性糖、淀粉的含有率和含量,提高FACE处理的生物产量能极显著提高水稻产量(r=0.7825).

关键词: 水稻, CO₂浓度增加, 物质生产与分配, 可溶性碳水化合物, 叶面积系数, 净同化率, 土壤温度, 玉米秸秆, 带状覆盖, 冬小麦, 地膜覆盖, 半干旱雨养区

Abstract: Investigation on the effect of free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) on biomass accumulation and distribution in different parts of rice plant treated with 200 μmol·mol^-1 CO₂ elevation under field condition showed that the dry matter accumulated from transplanting to 20th day after heading and the total biomass increased significantly, while the dry mater accumulated from²0th day after heading to maturity was significantly depressed under FACEtreatment. The enhancement of both leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) under FACE treatment resulted in the increase of dry matter accumulated from transplanting to heading, while the dominant reason for the increase of dry matter accumulated during 20 days after heading was the slowed decline of LAI. The decline of dry matter accumulated from²0th day to maturity was mainly caused by the decrease of NAR. The percentage of dry matter distributed in stem and sheath increased under FACEtreatment, while that in leaf decreased, and that in panicle showed no significant change. The content (%) and amount of soluble sugar and starch in stem and sheath at heading was significantly elevated under FACE.The grain yield of rice under FACEtreatment could be significantly improved by raising biomass.

Key words: Rice, Free air CO₂ enrichment, Biomass accumulation and partition, Soluble carbohydrates, Leaf area index, Net assimilation rate, strip covering, plastic film mulching, winter wheat., soil temperature, semiarid area, maize straw

中图分类号:

S511

黄建晔, 董桂春, 杨洪建, 王余龙, 朱建国, 杨连新, 单玉华. 开放式空气CO₂增高对水稻物质生产与分配的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (2): 253-257.

HUANG Jianye, DONG Guichun, YANG Hongjian, WANG Yulong, ZHU Jianguo, YANG Lianxin, SHAN Yuhua. Effect of free-air CO₂ enrichment on biomass accumulation and distribution in rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (2): 253-257.

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开放式空气CO₂增高对水稻物质生产与分配的影响

Effect of free-air CO₂ enrichment on biomass accumulation and distribution in rice

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