新疆农田作物覆膜地温极值的时空变化

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (11): 2039-2044.

新疆农田作物覆膜地温极值的时空变化

李毅^1,2, 邵明安^1,2

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院-水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2003-07-21 修回日期:2003-11-19
通讯作者: 李毅,女,1974年生,副研员,主要从事土壤水、盐、热耦合迁移及微观水土过程的研究,发表论文20余篇.Email:liyimm@tom.com.
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40025106);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金资助项目(10501107).

Spatial and temporal variation of soil temperature extremum under plastic mulch in Xinjiang

LI Yi^1,2, SHAO Ming'an^1,2

1. Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China

Received:2003-07-21 Revised:2003-11-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤温度的上限和下限值极大地影响农田作物的生长发育.根据对新疆农田2年度不同观测时刻、不同覆膜条件及不同作物的最高和最低地温的分析,可知2年度全生育期地温极值均发生在0 cm位置.地温极值依观测时刻的不同而变动.覆膜最低温度始终高于裸地,说明覆膜对提高低温段土壤温度有明显作用.最低温度的日变化可用二次函数表达;14:00和20:00时最高地温可分别用深度的椭圆曲线和线性关系表达.不同条件下的地温极值和气温具有线性关系,其中裸地最低温度与气温的相关性高于覆膜;玉米最低温度与气温的相关性高于棉花;最高温度与气温的相关性比最低温度与气温的相关性差.

关键词: 地温极值, 覆膜, 裸地, 棉花, 玉米

Abstract: The upper and lower limit values of soil temperature affect crop growth and development greatly.Observations on the soil maximal and minimal temperatures under different mulching and cropping conditions in Xinjiang showed that during crop growth period in 1998 and 1999,soil temperature extremums were both at 0 cm,and varied with different observation time.The soil minimal temperature under plastic mulch was higher than that without mulch,indicating that plastic mulch could remarkably increase soil temperature.The diurnal variation of soil minimal temperature could be expressed by quadratic function,while the maximal temperature at 14:00 and 20:00 could be expressed by ellipse function and linear function of soil depth,respectively.Soil temperature extremums correlated linearly with air temperature under different conditions.The correlation between soil minimal temperature and air temperature was higher for bare soil than for mulched soil,and higher for maize field than for cotton field,while the correlation between soil maximal temperature and air temperature was lower than that between soil minimal temperature and air temperature.

Key words: Soil temperature extremum, Plastic mulch, Bare soil, Cotton, Maize

中图分类号:

S152.8

李毅, 邵明安. 新疆农田作物覆膜地温极值的时空变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (11): 2039-2044.

LI Yi, SHAO Ming'an. Spatial and temporal variation of soil temperature extremum under plastic mulch in Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (11): 2039-2044.

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