硫加树脂包膜尿素控释肥对小麦干物质积累分配及产量的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (05): 1175-1182.

硫加树脂包膜尿素控释肥对小麦干物质积累分配及产量的影响

满建国1,周杰1,王东1**,于振文1,张民2,胡志颖1,侯秀涛3

1山东农业大学农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室, 山东泰安 271018； 2山东农业大学资源与环境学院| 山东泰安 271018；3泰安市大汶口镇农业技术推广站, 山东泰安 271026

出版日期:2011-05-18 发布日期:2011-05-18

Effects of sulfur plus resin-coated controlled release urea fertilizer on winter wheat dry matter accumulation and allocation and grain yield.

MAN Jian-guo1, ZHOU Jie1, WANG Dong1, YU Zhen-wen1, ZHANG Min2, HU Zhi-ying1, HOU Xiu-tao3

1Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China| 2College of Resource and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China|3Dawenkou Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Tai’an 271026, Shandong, China

Online:2011-05-18 Published:2011-05-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在田间高产条件下，设置硫加树脂包膜尿素控释肥(SRCU)、树脂包膜尿素控释肥(RCU)、普通尿素加硫磺粉（SU）、普通尿素（U）处理，研究硫和SRCU对冬小麦干物质积累与分配及产量的影响.结果表明：施用RCU处理的植株干物质积累量和籽粒产量与分期施氮不施硫处理相比无显著差异.在土壤有效硫含量为43.2 mg·kg^-1的条件下，施硫量为91.4 kg·hm^-2的SRCU处理与相同施硫量分期施氮处理相比，花后干物质积累与分配及产量无显著差异；与无硫的RCU处理相比，花后同化物输入籽粒量、籽粒灌浆中期的灌浆速率、千粒重和产量均显著提高.在土壤有效硫含量为105.1 mg·kg^-1的条件下，施硫量为120 kg·hm^-2的SRCU处理籽粒产量显著高于相同施硫量分期施氮处理，与不施硫分期施氮处理和RCU处理无显著差异.说明SRCU释放的氮素对冬小麦干物质积累、分配和产量的调节作用与速效氮素分期施用的效果一致.SRCU释放的硫素对冬小麦的调节作用受土壤有效硫含量高低的影响，在有效硫含量为43.2 mg·kg^-1的条件下，能促进花后干物质积累和籽粒灌浆，显著提高籽粒产量；在有效硫含量为105.1 mg·kg^-1的条件下，则无显著增产作用，过多施用硫磺粉还可导致产量显著降低.

关键词: 冬小麦, 硫, 控释肥, 硫加树脂包膜尿素, 干物质积累与分配

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of sulfur plus resin-coated urea fertilizer on the winter wheat dry matter accumulation and allocation and grain yield. Four treatments were installed, i.e., sulfur plus resin-coated urea (SRCU), resin-coated urea (RCU), sulfur-amended conventional urea (SU), and conventional urea (U). The coated urea fertilizers were applied as basal, and the conventional urea fertilizers were 50% applied as basal and 50% applied as topdressing. There were no significant differences in the plant dry matter accumulation and grain yield between treatments RCU and U. Under the conditions the available S content in 0-20 cm soil layer was 43.2 mg·kg^-1 and the S application rate was 91.4 kg·hm^-2, treatments SRCU and SU had no significant differences in the dry matter accumulation and allocation after anthesis and the grain yield, but the amount of the assimilates after anthesis allocated in grain, the grain-filling rate at mid grain-filling stage, the 1000-grain weight, and the grain yield in the two treatments were significantly higher than those in treatment RCU. When the available S content in 0-20 cm soil layer was 105.1 mg·kg^-1 and the S application rate was 120 kg·hm^-2, the grain yield in treatment SRCU was significantly higher than that in treatment SU, but had no significant difference with that in treatments RCU and U. These results suggested that from the viewpoints of dry matter accumulation and allocation and grain yield, the nitrogen released from SRCU had the same regulation effect as the conventional urea 50% applied as basal and 50% applied as topdressing, while the regulation effect of the sulfur released from SRCU was controlled by the available S content in 0-20 cm soil layer. When the soil available S content was 43.2 mg·kg^-1, the released sulfur could promote the dry matter accumulation after anthesis and the grain-filling, and increase the grain yield significantly; when the soil available S content was 105.1 mg·kg^-1 the released sulfur from SRCU had no significant effect in increasing grain yield. Excessive S-amendment could even induce the decrease of grain yield.

Key words: winter wheat, sulfur, controlled release fertilizer, sulfur plus resin-coated urea, dry matter accumulation and allocation

满建国,周杰,王东,于振文,张民,胡志颖,侯秀涛. 硫加树脂包膜尿素控释肥对小麦干物质积累分配及产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(05): 1175-1182.

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